Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

EXD1

piRNA biogenesis protein EXD1

Also known as: EXD1_HUMAN, EXDL1, MGC33637

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q8NHP7
Gene: EXD1
Ensembl: ENSG00000178997
Chromosome: 15
Canonical length: 514 aa
Protein class: Predicted intracellular proteins
Quaternary structure: Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

Predicted to enable RNA binding activity and protein homodimerization activity. Predicted to be involved in piRNA processing. Predicted to be located in P granule. Predicted to be part of PET complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

514 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q8NHP7|EXD1
     1  MEDSEFLAYV ELLDEVEQGS VRAKASSVSL HAERTWMEKM KVEDLNVCEP ASPAPEAPAT
    61  SLLNDLKYSP SEEEEVTYTV INQFQQKFGA AILHIKKQNV LSVAAEGANV CRHGKLCWLQ
   121  VATNCRVYLF DIFLLGSRAF HNGLQMILED KRILKVIHDC RWLSDCLSHQ YGILLNNVFD
   181  TQVADVLQFS METGGYLPNC ITTLQESLIK HLQVAPKYLS FLEKRQKLIQ ENPEVWFIRP
   241  VSPSLLKILA LEATYLLPLR LALLDEMMSD LTTLVDGYLN TYREGSADRL GGTEPTCMEL
   301  PEELLQLKDF QKQRREKAAR EYRVNAQGLL IRTVLQPKKL VTETAGKEEK VKGFLFGKNF
   361  RIDKAPSFTS QDFHGDVNLL KEESLNKQAT NPQHLPPTEE GETSEDSSNK LICTKSKGSE
   421  DQRITQKEHF MTPKHEFQAS LSLKEETEQL LMVENKEDLK CTKQAVSMSS FPQETRVSPS
   481  DTFYPIRKTV VSTLPPCPAL EKIDSWISPF LNLP

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against EXD1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.48
Highest tissue expression: 12 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

testis: 12 nTPM
spinal cord: 0.3 nTPM
adipose tissue: 0.2 nTPM
midbrain: 0.2 nTPM
amygdala: 0.1 nTPM
breast: 0.1 nTPM

Single-cell type

late primary spermatocytes: 58 nCPM
early primary spermatocytes: 51 nCPM
undifferentiated spermatogonia: 13 nCPM
early spermatids: 11 nCPM
differentiating spermatogonia: 8 nCPM
neutrophils: 6.9 nCPM

Immune cell

intermediate monocyte: 0.1 nTPM
naive CD4 T-cell: 0.1 nTPM
basophil: 0 nTPM
classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
eosinophil: 0 nTPM
gdT-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

pons: 3.2 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 0.7 nTPM
thalamus: 0.6 nTPM
white matter: 0.6 nTPM
cerebellum: 0.4 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 0.4 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.26
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: -0.11
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.09
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads EXD1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against EXD1 could matter depends on whether native EXD1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

EXD1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label EXD1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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