CNTF

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession

P26441

Gene

CNTF

Ensembl

ENSG00000242689

Chromosome

11

Canonical length

200 aa

Protein class

Cancer-related genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins

Subcellular location

Vesicles

Quaternary structure

Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is a polypeptide hormone whose actions appear to be restricted to the nervous system where it promotes neurotransmitter synthesis and neurite outgrowth in certain neuronal populations. The protein is a potent survival factor for neurons and oligodendrocytes and may be relevant in reducing tissue destruction during inflammatory attacks. A mutation in this gene, which results in aberrant splicing, leads to ciliary neurotrophic factor deficiency, but this phenotype is not causally related to neurologic disease. A read-through transcript variant composed of the upstream ZFP91 gene and CNTF sequence has been identified, but it is thought to be non-coding. Read-through transcription of ZFP91 and CNTF has also been observed in mouse. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2010]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

200 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P26441|CNTF
     1  MAFTEHSPLT PHRRDLCSRS IWLARKIRSD LTALTESYVK HQGLNKNINL DSADGMPVAS
    61  TDQWSELTEA ERLQENLQAY RTFHVLLARL LEDQQVHFTP TEGDFHQAIH TLLLQVAAFA
   121  YQIEELMILL EYKIPRNEAD GMPINVGDGG LFEKKLWGLK VLQELSQWTV RSIHDLRFIS
   181  SHQTGIPARG SHYIANNKKM

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CNTF can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability

Intracellular

Secreted

No

Transmembrane segments

0

Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)

0.33

Highest tissue expression

12 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about CNTF.

Disease | ImmuneIEDB

Conditions an epitope on CNTF was assayed in.

• glioblastoma T cell

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)

1.74

gnomAD pLI

0

gnomAD missense Z

-0.65

DepMap mean gene effect

-0.01

DepMap dependency class

none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

• astrocyte activation
• cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT
• cell surface receptor signaling pathway via STAT
• ciliary neurotrophic factor-mediated signaling pathway
• muscle organ morphogenesis
• negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process
• negative regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation
• neuron development
• positive regulation of axon regeneration
• positive regulation of cell population proliferation
• positive regulation of gene expression
• positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein
• regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death
• retinal rod cell differentiation
• signal transduction

Molecular functions

• ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor binding
• cytokine activity
• growth factor activity
• interleukin-6 receptor binding
• protein-containing complex binding

Cellular components

• axon
• cytoplasm
• extracellular region
• extracellular space
• glial cell projection
• neuronal cell body

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

• Four-helical cytokine-like, core
• Ciliary neurotrophic factor, CNTF
• Ciliary neurotrophic factor

KeywordsUniProt

• Cytoplasm
• Developmental protein
• Differentiation
• Growth factor
• Neurogenesis