CHI3L1

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession

P36222

Gene

CHI3L1

Ensembl

ENSG00000133048

Chromosome

1

Canonical length

383 aa

Protein class

Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted secreted proteins

Subcellular location

Golgi apparatus,Vesicles

Secretome location

Secreted to blood

OverviewNCBI Gene

Chitinases catalyze the hydrolysis of chitin, which is an abundant glycopolymer found in insect exoskeletons and fungal cell walls. The glycoside hydrolase 18 family of chitinases includes eight human family members. This gene encodes a glycoprotein member of the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. The protein lacks chitinase activity and is secreted by activated macrophages, chondrocytes, neutrophils and synovial cells. The protein is thought to play a role in the process of inflammation and tissue remodeling. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

383 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P36222|CHI3L1
     1  MGVKASQTGF VVLVLLQCCS AYKLVCYYTS WSQYREGDGS CFPDALDRFL CTHIIYSFAN
    61  ISNDHIDTWE WNDVTLYGML NTLKNRNPNL KTLLSVGGWN FGSQRFSKIA SNTQSRRTFI
   121  KSVPPFLRTH GFDGLDLAWL YPGRRDKQHF TTLIKEMKAE FIKEAQPGKK QLLLSAALSA
   181  GKVTIDSSYD IAKISQHLDF ISIMTYDFHG AWRGTTGHHS PLFRGQEDAS PDRFSNTDYA
   241  VGYMLRLGAP ASKLVMGIPT FGRSFTLASS ETGVGAPISG PGIPGRFTKE AGTLAYYEIC
   301  DFLRGATVHR ILGQQVPYAT KGNQWVGYDD QESVKSKVQY LKDRQLAGAM VWALDLDDFQ
   361  GSFCGQDLRF PLTNAIKDAL AAT

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CHI3L1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability

Secreted

Secreted

Yes

Transmembrane segments

0

Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)

0.24

Highest tissue expression

424 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about CHI3L1.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions CHI3L1 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

• Asthma-related traits 7 (ASRT7) MIM:611960
• Schizophrenia (SCZD) MIM:181500

Disease | ImmuneIEDB

Conditions an epitope on CHI3L1 was assayed in.

• rheumatoid arthritis T cell

ReferencesPubMed · IEDB

Publications for CHI3L1 from three distinct lines of evidence, kept separate because they answer different questions: whether antibodies are directed at the protein, whether a B-cell epitope has been mapped on it, and whether a T-cell epitope has. Each is labelled with its source.

Sources: PubMed — antigen-level antibody evidence from a custom retrieval. Records matching a controlled set of autoantibody terms (the MeSH descriptors Autoantibodies and Autoantigens, with title and abstract term variants) were obtained through NCBI E-utilities, and their titles and abstracts parsed for constructions that direct an antibody at a named protein rather than for co-occurrence. Captured names were resolved against UniProt nomenclature and each antigen adjudicated individually against the source text. IEDB — curated epitope assays from the Immune Epitope Database (Vita et al., Nucleic Acids Research 2019). Bibliographic records from PubMed and MeSH, U.S. National Library of Medicine; citation metrics from NIH iCite (Hutchins et al., PLoS Biology 2016). Titles link to PubMed; abstracts are not reproduced here. The NLM does not endorse this analysis.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)

0.92

gnomAD pLI

0

gnomAD missense Z

-0.58

DepMap mean gene effect

0.07

DepMap dependency class

none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

• activation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity
• apoptotic process
• carbohydrate metabolic process
• cartilage development
• cellular response to tumor necrosis factor
• chitin catabolic process
• inflammatory response
• lung development
• positive regulation of angiogenesis
• positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
• positive regulation of interleukin-8 production
• positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation
• positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction
• response to interleukin-1
• response to interleukin-6
• response to mechanical stimulus
• response to tumor necrosis factor

Molecular functions

• carbohydrate binding
• chitin binding
• extracellular matrix structural constituent

Cellular components

• cytoplasm
• endoplasmic reticulum
• extracellular exosome
• extracellular matrix
• extracellular region
• extracellular space
• perinuclear region of cytoplasm
• specific granule lumen

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

• Glycoside hydrolase family 18, catalytic domain
• Chitinase II/V-like, catalytic domain
• Glycoside hydrolase superfamily
• Chitinase insertion domain superfamily
• Glycosyl hydrolase family 18
• Glycosyl hydrolases family 18

KeywordsUniProt

• Antimicrobial
• Apoptosis
• Asthma
• Cytoplasm
• Disulfide bond
• Endoplasmic reticulum
• Glycoprotein
• Inflammatory response
• Lectin
• Schizophrenia
• Secreted
• Signal