Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

CD68

Macrosialin

Also known as: CD68_HUMAN, DKFZp686M18236, GP110, LAMP4, SCARD1

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P34810
Gene
CD68
Ensembl
ENSG00000129226
Chromosome
17
Canonical length
354 aa
Protein class
CD markers, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins
Subcellular location
Golgi apparatus,Vesicles

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a 110-kD transmembrane glycoprotein that is highly expressed by human monocytes and tissue macrophages. It is a member of the lysosomal/endosomal-associated membrane glycoprotein (LAMP) family. The protein primarily localizes to lysosomes and endosomes with a smaller fraction circulating to the cell surface. It is a type I integral membrane protein with a heavily glycosylated extracellular domain and binds to tissue- and organ-specific lectins or selectins. The protein is also a member of the scavenger receptor family. Scavenger receptors typically function to clear cellular debris, promote phagocytosis, and mediate the recruitment and activation of macrophages. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcripts encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

354 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P34810|CD68
     1  MRLAVLFSGA LLGLLAAQGT GNDCPHKKSA TLLPSFTVTP TVTESTGTTS HRTTKSHKTT
    61  THRTTTTGTT SHGPTTATHN PTTTSHGNVT VHPTSNSTAT SQGPSTATHS PATTSHGNAT
   121  VHPTSNSTAT SPGFTSSAHP EPPPPSPSPS PTSKETIGDY TWTNGSQPCV HLQAQIQIRV
   181  MYTTQGGGEA WGISVLNPNK TKVQGSCEGA HPHLLLSFPY GHLSFGFMQD LQQKVVYLSY
   241  MAVEYNVSFP HAAQWTFSAQ NASLRDLQAP LGQSFSCSNS SIILSPAVHL DLLSLRLQAA
   301  QLPHTGVFGQ SFSCPSDRSI LLPLIIGLIL LGLLALVLIA FCIIRRRPSA YQAL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CD68 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
1
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.48
Highest tissue expression
349 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • spleen: 349 nTPM
  • lung: 337 nTPM
  • duodenum: 263 nTPM
  • bone marrow: 251 nTPM
  • small intestine: 226 nTPM
  • appendix: 223 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • kupffer cells: 281 nCPM
  • hofbauer cells: 246 nCPM
  • enterocytes: 171 nCPM
  • microglia: 72 nCPM
  • esophageal apical cells: 69 nCPM
  • macrophages: 66 nCPM

Immune cell

  • non-classical monocyte: 3,765 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 3,664 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 3,328 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 3,265 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 1,382 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 818 nTPM

Brain region

  • thalamus: 137 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 104 nTPM
  • pons: 85 nTPM
  • white matter: 75 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 72 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 65 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.19
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.37
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.06
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads CD68 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CD68 could matter depends on whether native CD68 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

CD68 is annotated at the cell surface, where native CD68 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label CD68 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/CD68. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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