Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

CCL15

C-C motif chemokine 15

Also known as: CCL15_HUMAN, HCC-2, HMRP-2B, Lkn-1, MIP-1d, MIP-5, NCC-3, SCYA15, SCYL3

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q16663
Gene: CCL15
Ensembl: ENSG00000275718
Chromosome: 17
Canonical length: 113 aa
Protein class: Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted secreted proteins
Subcellular location: Golgi apparatus,Vesicles
Secretome location: Secreted to blood

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene is located in a cluster of similar genes in the same region of chromosome 17. These genes encode CC cytokines, which are secreted proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The product of this gene is chemotactic for T cells and monocytes, and acts through C-C chemokine receptor type 1 (CCR1). The proprotein is further processed into numerous smaller functional peptides. Naturally-occurring readthrough transcripts occur from this gene into the downstream gene, CCL14 (chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 14). [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

113 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q16663|CCL15
     1  MKVSVAALSC LMLVAVLGSQ AQFTNDAETE LMMSKLPLEN PVVLNSFHFA ADCCTSYISQ
    61  SIPCSLMKSY FETSSECSKP GVIFLTKKGR QVCAKPSGPG VQDCMKKLKP YSI

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CCL15 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Secreted
Secreted: Yes
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.51
Highest tissue expression: 78 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

rectum: 78 nTPM
small intestine: 58 nTPM
colon: 56 nTPM
liver: 40 nTPM
duodenum: 35 nTPM
kidney: 9.8 nTPM

Single-cell type

enterocytes: 19 nCPM
colonocytes: 7.8 nCPM
goblet cells: 7.8 nCPM
enteric transient amplifying cells: 5.9 nCPM
enteric stem cells: 3.9 nCPM
paneth cells: 3.9 nCPM

Immune cell

eosinophil: 0.4 nTPM
basophil: 0.3 nTPM
neutrophil: 0.3 nTPM
memory CD8 T-cell: 0.1 nTPM
NK-cell: 0.1 nTPM
plasmacytoid DC: 0.1 nTPM

Brain region

white matter: 0.9 nTPM
pons: 0.7 nTPM
basal ganglia: 0.6 nTPM
cerebellum: 0.6 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 0.6 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 0.6 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.08
gnomAD pLI: 0.33
gnomAD missense Z: 0.23
DepMap mean gene effect: 0.03
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

extracellular space

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of CCL15 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

CCR1

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads CCL15 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CCL15 could matter depends on whether native CCL15 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

CCL15 is annotated as secreted, so native CCL15 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label CCL15 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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