APOBEC3A

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession

P31941

Gene

APOBEC3A

Ensembl

ENSG00000128383

Chromosome

22

Canonical length

199 aa

Protein class

Enzymes, Predicted intracellular proteins

Subcellular location

Nucleoplasm

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene is a member of the cytidine deaminase gene family. It is one of seven related genes or pseudogenes found in a cluster, thought to result from gene duplication, on chromosome 22. Members of the cluster encode proteins that are structurally and functionally related to the C to U RNA-editing cytidine deaminase APOBEC1. The protein encoded by this gene lacks the zinc binding activity of other family members. The protein plays a role in immunity, by restricting transmission of foreign DNA such as viruses. One mechanism of foreign DNA restriction is deamination of foreign double-stranded DNA cytidines to uridines, which leads to DNA degradation. However, other mechanisms are also thought to be involved, as anti-viral effect is not dependent on deaminase activity. The protein encoded by this gene is the same as that encoded by APOBEC3A; however, this gene is a hybrid gene that results from the deletion of approximately 29.5 kb of sequence between the APOBEC3A gene and the adjacent gene APOBEC3B. The breakpoints of the deletion are within the two genes, so the deletion hybrid is predicted to have the promoter and coding region of APOBEC3A, but the 3' UTR of APOBEC3B. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

199 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P31941|APOBEC3A
     1  MEASPASGPR HLMDPHIFTS NFNNGIGRHK TYLCYEVERL DNGTSVKMDQ HRGFLHNQAK
    61  NLLCGFYGRH AELRFLDLVP SLQLDPAQIY RVTWFISWSP CFSWGCAGEV RAFLQENTHV
   121  RLRIFAARIY DYDPLYKEAL QMLRDAGAQV SIMTYDEFKH CWDTFVDHQG CPFQPWDGLD
   181  EHSQALSGRL RAILQNQGN

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against APOBEC3A can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability

Intracellular

Secreted

No

Transmembrane segments

0

Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)

0.31

Highest tissue expression

89 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)

1.17

gnomAD pLI

0

gnomAD missense Z

-0.36

DepMap mean gene effect

-0.04

DepMap dependency class

selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

• clearance of foreign intracellular DNA
• cytidine to uridine editing
• defense response to virus
• DNA cytosine deamination
• innate immune response
• negative regulation of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate
• negative regulation of viral genome replication
• positive regulation of gene expression via chromosomal CpG island demethylation
• transposable element silencing

Molecular functions

• cytidine deaminase activity
• RNA binding
• zinc ion binding

Cellular components

• cytoplasm
• nucleoplasm
• nucleus
• P-body

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

• Cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase domain
• APOBEC/CMP deaminase, zinc-binding
• Cytidine deaminase-like
• APOBEC Cytidine Deaminase
• APOBEC3, cytosine deaminase domain

KeywordsUniProt

• Alternative initiation
• Antiviral defense
• Cytoplasm
• Hydrolase
• Immunity
• Innate immunity
• Metal-binding
• Nucleus
• Zinc

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of APOBEC3A in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

• AGO2
• TRIB3