Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

AMY2A

Pancreatic alpha-amylase

Also known as: AMY2, AMYP_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: P04746
Gene: AMY2A
Ensembl: ENSG00000243480
Chromosome: 1
Canonical length: 511 aa
Protein class: Enzymes, FDA approved drug targets, Metabolic proteins, Predicted secreted proteins
Subcellular location: Golgi apparatus,Cytosol
Secretome location: Secreted to digestive system

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the alpha-amylase family of proteins. Amylases are secreted proteins that hydrolyze 1,4-alpha-glucoside bonds in oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, catalyzing the first step in digestion of dietary starch and glycogen. This gene and several family members are present in a gene cluster on chromosome 1. This gene encodes an amylase isoenzyme produced by the pancreas. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

511 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P04746|AMY2A
     1  MKFFLLLFTI GFCWAQYSPN TQQGRTSIVH LFEWRWVDIA LECERYLAPK GFGGVQVSPP
    61  NENVAIYNPF RPWWERYQPV SYKLCTRSGN EDEFRNMVTR CNNVGVRIYV DAVINHMCGN
   121  AVSAGTSSTC GSYFNPGSRD FPAVPYSGWD FNDGKCKTGS GDIENYNDAT QVRDCRLTGL
   181  LDLALEKDYV RSKIAEYMNH LIDIGVAGFR LDASKHMWPG DIKAILDKLH NLNSNWFPAG
   241  SKPFIYQEVI DLGGEPIKSS DYFGNGRVTE FKYGAKLGTV IRKWNGEKMS YLKNWGEGWG
   301  FVPSDRALVF VDNHDNQRGH GAGGASILTF WDARLYKMAV GFMLAHPYGF TRVMSSYRWP
   361  RQFQNGNDVN DWVGPPNNNG VIKEVTINPD TTCGNDWVCE HRWRQIRNMV IFRNVVDGQP
   421  FTNWYDNGSN QVAFGRGNRG FIVFNNDDWS FSLTLQTGLP AGTYCDVISG DKINGNCTGI
   481  KIYVSDDGKA HFSISNSAED PFIAIHAESK L

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against AMY2A can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Secreted
Secreted: Yes
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.21
Highest tissue expression: 145,041 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

pancreas: 145,041 nTPM
ovary: 31 nTPM
salivary gland: 29 nTPM
heart muscle: 26 nTPM
duodenum: 22 nTPM
small intestine: 10 nTPM

Single-cell type

pancreatic acinar cells: 865 nCPM
pancreatic duct cells: 4 nCPM
salivary acinar cells: 1.2 nCPM
early spermatids: 0.7 nCPM
monocytes: 0.6 nCPM
mast cells: 0.4 nCPM

Immune cell

basophil: 0 nTPM
classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
eosinophil: 0 nTPM
gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

basal ganglia: 1.6 nTPM
amygdala: 1.4 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 1.3 nTPM
hippocampal formation: 1.3 nTPM
white matter: 1 nTPM
hypothalamus: 0.8 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.68
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: -1.02
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.36
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 2% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads AMY2A as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against AMY2A could matter depends on whether native AMY2A is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

AMY2A is annotated as secreted, so native AMY2A circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label AMY2A as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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