Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

ADH5

Alcohol dehydrogenase class-3

Also known as: ADH-3, ADHX, ADHX_HUMAN, FDH, GSNOR

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P11766
Gene
ADH5
Ensembl
ENSG00000197894
Chromosome
4
Canonical length
374 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, Enzymes, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Potential drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the alcohol dehydrogenase family. Members of this family metabolize a wide variety of substrates, including ethanol, retinol, other aliphatic alcohols, hydroxysteroids, and lipid peroxidation products. The encoded protein forms a homodimer. It has virtually no activity for ethanol oxidation, but exhibits high activity for oxidation of long-chain primary alcohols and for oxidation of S-hydroxymethyl-glutathione, a spontaneous adduct between formaldehyde and glutathione. This enzyme is an important component of cellular metabolism for the elimination of formaldehyde, a potent irritant and sensitizing agent that causes lacrymation, rhinitis, pharyngitis, and contact dermatitis. The human genome contains several non-transcribed pseudogenes related to this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

374 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P11766|ADH5
     1  MANEVIKCKA AVAWEAGKPL SIEEIEVAPP KAHEVRIKII ATAVCHTDAY TLSGADPEGC
    61  FPVILGHEGA GIVESVGEGV TKLKAGDTVI PLYIPQCGEC KFCLNPKTNL CQKIRVTQGK
   121  GLMPDGTSRF TCKGKTILHY MGTSTFSEYT VVADISVAKI DPLAPLDKVC LLGCGISTGY
   181  GAAVNTAKLE PGSVCAVFGL GGVGLAVIMG CKVAGASRII GVDINKDKFA RAKEFGATEC
   241  INPQDFSKPI QEVLIEMTDG GVDYSFECIG NVKVMRAALE ACHKGWGVSV VVGVAASGEE
   301  IATRPFQLVT GRTWKGTAFG GWKSVESVPK LVSEYMSKKI KVDEFVTHNL SFDEINKAFE
   361  LMHSGKSIRT VVKI

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against ADH5 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.23
Highest tissue expression
243 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • liver: 243 nTPM
  • blood vessel: 203 nTPM
  • kidney: 160 nTPM
  • urinary bladder: 147 nTPM
  • colon: 146 nTPM
  • epididymis: 133 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • cytotrophoblasts: 349 nCPM
  • extravillous trophoblasts: 348 nCPM
  • decidual stromal cells: 324 nCPM
  • migrating cytotrophoblasts: 252 nCPM
  • peritubular myoid cells: 219 nCPM
  • smooth muscle cells: 202 nCPM

Immune cell

  • NK-cell: 51 nTPM
  • T-reg: 49 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 35 nTPM
  • memory CD4 T-cell: 35 nTPM
  • naive CD4 T-cell: 33 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 33 nTPM

Brain region

  • choroid plexus: 60 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 58 nTPM
  • white matter: 49 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 47 nTPM
  • midbrain: 45 nTPM
  • thalamus: 45 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about ADH5.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions ADH5 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

Disease | GeneticClinVar

4 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 53 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

  • AMED syndrome, digenic

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.56
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
1.03
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.27
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads ADH5 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against ADH5 could matter depends on whether native ADH5 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

ADH5 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label ADH5 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/ADH5. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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