Sialidase superfamily
IPR036278
Definition
Sialidases (neuraminidases) hydrolyse the non-reducing, terminal sialic acid linkage in various natural substrates, such as glycoproteins, glycolipids, gangliosides, and polysaccharides PMID:12374200. In mammals, sialidases occur in the lysosome, the cytosol, and associated with the plasma membrane. Sialidases have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. For example, in viruses neuraminidases enable the transport of the virus through mucin, the eruption of the virus from the infected host cell, and the prevention of self-aggregation of virus particles through the destruction of the host cell receptor recognised by the virus PMID:14561719. Eukaryotic, bacterial and viral sialidases share highly conserved regions of β-sheet motifs. Bacterial sialidases often possess domains in addition to the catalytic sialidase domain, for instance the sialidase from Micromonospora viridifaciens contains three domains, of which the catalytic domain described here is the N-terminal domain PMID:8591030. Similarly, leech sialidase is a multidomain protein, where the catalytic domain is the C-terminal domain PMID:9878409. In several paramyxoviruses, sialidase forms part of the multi-functional haemagglutinin-sialidase glycoprotein found on the viral envelope PMID:14729348.
5 human proteins with this domain
Each is a reviewed human protein in the Seroatlas serome and a potential autoantibody target; this domain groups them into one antibody-relevant category. Every entry links to its own record.
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