Dopamine receptor family
IPR000929
Definition
Dopamine receptors are members of the rhodopsin-like G-protein coupled receptor family and are prominent in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS). Dysfunction of dopaminergic neurotransmission in the CNS has been implicated in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders PMID:15148138, including social phobia PMID:10698826, Tourette's syndrome PMID:16613557, Parkinson's disease PMID:17017512, schizophrenia PMID:16613557, neuroleptic malignant syndrome PMID:12555236, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) PMID:16961425 and drug and alcohol dependence [[cite:PMID:16613557], [cite:PMID:11920678]]. As a result, dopamine receptors are common drug targets; antipsychotics are often dopamine receptor antagonists while psychostimulants are typically indirect agonists of dopamine receptors [[cite:PMID:9633679], [cite:PMID:16433053], [cite:PMID:14060771], [cite:PMID:1060115]]. There are at least five different known subtypes of dopamine receptors designated D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5 PMID:12836695. They are distinguished by their G-protein coupling, ligand specificity, anatomical distribution and physiological effects. Dopamine receptors are divided into two further subfamilies. The D1-like family consists of D1 and D5 receptors, which couple to Gs and mediate excitatory neurotransmission. The D2-like family, meanwhile, consists of D2, D3 and D4 receptors, which couple to Gi/Go and mediate inhibitory neurotransmission. Although dopamine receptors are widely distributed in the brain, they are found in different locations that have different receptor type densities, presumably reflecting different functional roles PMID:9457173. D1 and D2 receptor subtypes are found at 10-100 times the levels of the D3, D4, D5 subtypes PMID:16458973. This entry represents the dopamine receptor family.
5 human proteins with this domain
Each is a reviewed human protein in the Seroatlas serome and a potential autoantibody target; this domain groups them into one antibody-relevant category. Every entry links to its own record.
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