Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

TSPOAP1

Peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor-associated protein 1

Also known as: BZRAP1, KIAA0612, PRAX-1, RIM-BP1, RIMB1_HUMAN, RIMBP1

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: O95153
Gene: TSPOAP1
Ensembl: ENSG00000005379
Chromosome: 17
Canonical length: 1857 aa
Protein class: Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Transporters

OverviewNCBI Gene

Enables benzodiazepine receptor binding activity. Involved in regulation of neurotransmitter secretion. Located in mitochondrion. Implicated in dystonia 22, adult-onset and dystonia 22, juvenile-onset. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

1857 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>O95153|TSPOAP1
     1  MEQLTTLPRP GDPGAMEPWA LPTWHSWTPG RGGEPSSAAP SIADTPPAAL QLQELRSEES
    61  SKPKGDGSSR PVGGTDPEGA EACLPSLGQQ ASSSGPACQR PEDEEVEAFL KAKLNMSFGD
   121  RPNLELLRAL GELRQRCAIL KEENQMLRKS SFPETEEKVR RLKRKNAELA VIAKRLEERA
   181  RKLQETNLRV VSAPLPRPGT SLELCRKALA RQRARDLSET ASALLAKDKQ IAALQRECRE
   241  LQARLTLVGK EGPQWLHVRD FDRLLRESQR EVLRLQRQIA LRNQRETLPL PPSWPPGPAL
   301  QARAGAPAPG APGEATPQED ADNLPVILGE PEKEQRVQQL ESELSKKRKK CESLEQEARK
   361  KQRRCEELEL QLRQAQNENA RLVEENSRLS GRATEKEQVE WENAELRGQL LGVTQERDSA
   421  LRKSQGLQSK LESLEQVLKH MREVAQRRQQ LEVEHEQARL SLREKQEEVR RLQQAQAEAQ
   481  REHEGAVQLL ESTLDSMQAR VRELEEQCRS QTEQFSLLAQ ELQAFRLHPG PLDLLTSALD
   541  CGSLGDCPPP PCCCSIPQPC RGSGPKDLDL PPGSPGRCTP KSSEPAPATL TGVPRRTAKK
   601  AESLSNSSHS ESIHNSPKSC PTPEVDTASE VEELEADSVS LLPAAPEGSR GGARIQVFLA
   661  RYSYNPFEGP NENPEAELPL TAGEYIYIYG NMDEDGFFEG ELMDGRRGLV PSNFVERVSD
   721  DDLLTSLPPE LADLSHSSGP ELSFLSVGGG GSSSGGQSSV GRSQPRPEEE DAGDELSLSP
   781  SPEGLGEPPA VPYPRRLVVL KQLAHSVVLA WEPPPEQVEL HGFHICVNGE LRQALGPGAP
   841  PKAVLENLDL WAGPLHISVQ ALTSRGSSDP LRCCLAVGAR AGVVPSQLRV HRLTATSAEI
   901  TWVPGNSNLA HAIYLNGEEC PPASPSTYWA TFCHLRPGTP YQAQVEAQLP PQGPWEPGWE
   961  RLEQRAATLQ FTTLPAGPPD APLDVQIEPG PSPGILIISW LPVTIDAAGT SNGVRVTGYA
  1021  IYADGQKIME VASPTAGSVL VELSQLQLLQ VCREVVVRTM SPHGESADSI PAPITPALAP
  1081  ASLPARVSCP SPHPSPEARA PLASASPGPG DPSSPLQHPA PLGTQEPPGA PPASPSREMA
  1141  KGSHEDPPAP CSQEEAGAAV LGTSEERTAS TSTLGEKDPG PAAPSLAKQE AEWTAGEACP
  1201  ASSSTQGARA QQAPNTEMCQ GGDPGSGLRP RAEKEDTAEL GVHLVNSLVD HGRNSDLSDI
  1261  QEEEEEEEEE EEEELGSRTC SFQKQVAGNS IRENGAKSQP DPFCETDSDE EILEQILELP
  1321  LQQFCSKKLF SIPEEEEEEE EDEEEEKSGA GCSSRDPGPP EPALLGLGCD SGQPRRPGQC
  1381  PLSPESSRAG DCLEDMPGLV GGSSRRRGGG SPEKPPSRRR PPDPREHCSR LLSNNGPQAS
  1441  GRLGPTRERG GLPVIEGPRT GLEASGRGRL GPSRRCSRGR ALEPGLASCL SPKCLEISIE
  1501  YDSEDEQEAG SGGISITSSC YPGDGEAWGT ATVGRPRGPP KANSGPKPYP RLPAWEKGEP
  1561  ERRGRSATGR AKEPLSRATE TGEARGQDGS GRRGPQKRGV RVLRPSTAEL VPARSPSETL
  1621  AYQHLPVRIF VALFDYDPVS MSPNPDAGEE ELPFREGQIL KVFGDKDADG FYQGEGGGRT
  1681  GYIPCNMVAE VAVDSPAGRQ QLLQRGYLSP DILLEGSGNG PFVYSTAHTT GPPPKPRRSK
  1741  KAESEGPAQP CPGPPKLVPS ADLKAPHSMV AAFDYNPQES SPNMDVEAEL PFRAGDVITV
  1801  FGGMDDDGFY YGELNGQRGL VPSNFLEGPG PEAGGLDREP RTPQAESQRT RRRRVQC

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against TSPOAP1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.56
Highest tissue expression: 149 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

amygdala: 149 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 136 nTPM
hippocampal formation: 95 nTPM
basal ganglia: 81 nTPM
cerebellum: 60 nTPM
hypothalamus: 50 nTPM

Single-cell type

retinal horizontal cells: 152 nCPM
astrocytes: 90 nCPM
retinal ganglion cells: 85 nCPM
bergmann glia: 60 nCPM
brain inhibitory neurons: 59 nCPM
brain excitatory neurons: 53 nCPM

Immune cell

gdT-cell: 1.7 nTPM
NK-cell: 0.9 nTPM
MAIT T-cell: 0.7 nTPM
memory CD8 T-cell: 0.4 nTPM
naive CD8 T-cell: 0.4 nTPM
total PBMC: 0.3 nTPM

Brain region

cerebral cortex: 96 nTPM
amygdala: 95 nTPM
hippocampal formation: 90 nTPM
basal ganglia: 74 nTPM
thalamus: 66 nTPM
white matter: 54 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about TSPOAP1.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions TSPOAP1 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

Dystonia 22, adult-onset (DYT22AO) MIM:620456
Dystonia 22, juvenile-onset (DYT22JO) MIM:620453

Disease | GeneticClinVar

7 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 98 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Dystonia 22, juvenile-onset
Dystonia 22, adult-onset
Bardet-Biedl syndrome

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.36
gnomAD pLI: 0.01
DepMap mean gene effect: 0
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

regulation of neurotransmitter secretion

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of TSPOAP1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads TSPOAP1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against TSPOAP1 could matter depends on whether native TSPOAP1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

TSPOAP1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label TSPOAP1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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