Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

TMEM196

Transmembrane protein 196

Also known as: MGC42090, TM196_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q5HYL7
Gene: TMEM196
Ensembl: ENSG00000173452
Chromosome: 7
Canonical length: 178 aa
Protein class: Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins
Subcellular location: Nucleoplasm,Golgi apparatus

OverviewNCBI Gene

Involved in several processes, including negative regulation of cell growth; negative regulation of cell migration; and positive regulation of apoptotic process. Located in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

178 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q5HYL7|TMEM196
     1  MCTSGQIIGS LLVLSVLEIG LGVSSVAVGA VSFSLALREH KPQLGDSSPV WSGVCFLLCG
    61  ICGILCAKKK SGLVMILFSA CCICGLIGGI LNFQFLRAVT KKTSSLYPLH LASMSLACIG
   121  IGGCTLSSWL TCRLASYEQR RMFSEREHSL HHSHEMAEKE ITDNMSNGGP QLIFNGRV

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against TMEM196 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 4
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.36
Highest tissue expression: 20 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

retina: 20 nTPM
hypothalamus: 5.5 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 4.6 nTPM
pituitary gland: 3.3 nTPM
basal ganglia: 2.6 nTPM
amygdala: 1.6 nTPM

Single-cell type

retinal bipolar cells: 330 nCPM
endometrial stromal cells: 255 nCPM
somatotrophs: 175 nCPM
lactotrophs: 166 nCPM
other brain neurons: 114 nCPM
oligodendrocyte progenitor cells: 105 nCPM

Immune cell

basophil: 0 nTPM
classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
eosinophil: 0 nTPM
gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

hypothalamus: 27 nTPM
midbrain: 19 nTPM
basal ganglia: 14 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 13 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 12 nTPM
pons: 12 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.76
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: 0.21
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.02
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

Transmembrane protein 196

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads TMEM196 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against TMEM196 could matter depends on whether native TMEM196 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

TMEM196 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label TMEM196 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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