Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

TLR10

Toll-like receptor 10

Also known as: CD290, TLR10_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q9BXR5
Gene
TLR10
Ensembl
ENSG00000174123
Chromosome
4
Canonical length
811 aa
Protein class
CD markers, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins
Subcellular location
Endoplasmic reticulum,Plasma membrane
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is most highly expressed in lymphoid tissues such as spleen, lymph node, thymus, and tonsil. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants which encode different protein isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

811 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9BXR5|TLR10
     1  MRLIRNIYIF CSIVMTAEGD APELPEEREL MTNCSNMSLR KVPADLTPAT TTLDLSYNLL
    61  FQLQSSDFHS VSKLRVLILC HNRIQQLDLK TFEFNKELRY LDLSNNRLKS VTWYLLAGLR
   121  YLDLSFNDFD TMPICEEAGN MSHLEILGLS GAKIQKSDFQ KIAHLHLNTV FLGFRTLPHY
   181  EEGSLPILNT TKLHIVLPMD TNFWVLLRDG IKTSKILEMT NIDGKSQFVS YEMQRNLSLE
   241  NAKTSVLLLN KVDLLWDDLF LILQFVWHTS VEHFQIRNVT FGGKAYLDHN SFDYSNTVMR
   301  TIKLEHVHFR VFYIQQDKIY LLLTKMDIEN LTISNAQMPH MLFPNYPTKF QYLNFANNIL
   361  TDELFKRTIQ LPHLKTLILN GNKLETLSLV SCFANNTPLE HLDLSQNLLQ HKNDENCSWP
   421  ETVVNMNLSY NKLSDSVFRC LPKSIQILDL NNNQIQTVPK ETIHLMALRE LNIAFNFLTD
   481  LPGCSHFSRL SVLNIEMNFI LSPSLDFVQS CQEVKTLNAG RNPFRCTCEL KNFIQLETYS
   541  EVMMVGWSDS YTCEYPLNLR GTRLKDVHLH ELSCNTALLI VTIVVIMLVL GLAVAFCCLH
   601  FDLPWYLRML GQCTQTWHRV RKTTQEQLKR NVRFHAFISY SEHDSLWVKN ELIPNLEKED
   661  GSILICLYES YFDPGKSISE NIVSFIEKSY KSIFVLSPNF VQNEWCHYEF YFAHHNLFHE
   721  NSDHIILILL EPIPFYCIPT RYHKLKALLE KKAYLEWPKD RRKCGLFWAN LRAAINVNVL
   781  ATREMYELQT FTELNEESRG STISLMRTDC L

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against TLR10 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
1
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.29
Highest tissue expression
45 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • tonsil: 45 nTPM
  • lymph node: 40 nTPM
  • spleen: 23 nTPM
  • appendix: 15 nTPM
  • small intestine: 9.2 nTPM
  • thymus: 4.8 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • microglia: 92 nCPM
  • neutrophils: 75 nCPM
  • b-cells: 68 nCPM
  • cdc: 18 nCPM
  • pdcs: 15 nCPM
  • oligodendrocyte progenitor cells: 13 nCPM

Immune cell

  • memory B-cell: 39 nTPM
  • naive B-cell: 24 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 7.2 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 6.5 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 3.6 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 2.8 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 5.4 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 4.9 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 4.9 nTPM
  • pons: 4.4 nTPM
  • thalamus: 3.7 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 3.6 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.01
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.24
DepMap mean gene effect
0.18
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads TLR10 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against TLR10 could matter depends on whether native TLR10 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

TLR10 is annotated at the cell surface, where native TLR10 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label TLR10 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/TLR10. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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