Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

TAC1

Protachykinin-1

Also known as: NKNA, NPK, TAC2, TKN1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: P20366
Gene: TAC1
Ensembl: ENSG00000006128
Chromosome: 7
Canonical length: 129 aa
Protein class: Predicted secreted proteins
Secretome location: Secreted to blood

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes four products of the tachykinin peptide hormone family, substance P and neurokinin A, as well as the related peptides, neuropeptide K and neuropeptide gamma. These hormones are thought to function as neurotransmitters which interact with nerve receptors and smooth muscle cells. They are known to induce behavioral responses and function as vasodilators and secretagogues. Substance P is an antimicrobial peptide with antibacterial and antifungal properties. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

129 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P20366|TAC1
     1  MKILVALAVF FLVSTQLFAE EIGANDDLNY WSDWYDSDQI KEELPEPFEH LLQRIARRPK
    61  PQQFFGLMGK RDADSSIEKQ VALLKALYGH GQISHKRHKT DSFVGLMGKR ALNSVAYERS
   121  AMQNYERRR

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against TAC1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Secreted
Secreted: Yes
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.56
Highest tissue expression: 223 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

basal ganglia: 223 nTPM
hypothalamus: 103 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 51 nTPM
spleen: 47 nTPM
hippocampal formation: 31 nTPM
midbrain: 27 nTPM

Single-cell type

pancreatic acinar cells: 729 nCPM
pancreatic islet cells: 161 nCPM
brain inhibitory neurons: 153 nCPM
other brain neurons: 67 nCPM
brain excitatory neurons: 61 nCPM
neuroendocrine cells: 57 nCPM

Immune cell

basophil: 0 nTPM
classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
eosinophil: 0 nTPM
gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

midbrain: 111 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 106 nTPM
hypothalamus: 89 nTPM
basal ganglia: 67 nTPM
thalamus: 42 nTPM
pons: 41 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.54
gnomAD pLI: 0.75
gnomAD missense Z: 0.89
DepMap mean gene effect: 0.07
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 2% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

substance P receptor binding

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

Tachykinin/Neurokinin-like, conserved site
Tachykinin domain
Tachykinin family
Tachykinin family

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads TAC1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against TAC1 could matter depends on whether native TAC1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

TAC1 is annotated as secreted, so native TAC1 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label TAC1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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