SPX
Spexin
Also known as: C12orf39, MGC10946, NPQ, spexin, SPXN_HUMAN
Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene
Protein identityUniProt · HPA
- UniProt accession
- Q9BT56
- Gene
- SPX
- Ensembl
- ENSG00000134548
- Chromosome
- 12
- Canonical length
- 116 aa
- Protein class
- Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted secreted proteins
- Secretome location
- Secreted to blood
OverviewNCBI Gene
The protein encoded by this gene is a hormone involved in modulation of cardiovascular and renal function. It has also been shown in rats to cause weight loss. Several transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016]
Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt
116 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.
>Q9BT56|SPX
1 MKGLRSLAAT TLALFLVFVF LGNSSCAPQR LLERRNWTPQ AMLYLKGAQG RRFISDQSRR
61 KDLSDRPLPE RRSPNPQLLT IPEAATILLA SLQKSPEDEE KNFDQTRFLE DSLLNWLocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA
Whether an antibody against SPX can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.
- Antibody reachability
- Secreted
- Secreted
- Yes
- Transmembrane segments
- 0
- Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
- 0.59
- Highest tissue expression
- 105 nTPM
Expression across tissuesHPA
Tissue
- adipose tissue: 105 nTPM
- pancreas: 39 nTPM
- kidney: 25 nTPM
- thyroid gland: 19 nTPM
- midbrain: 18 nTPM
- placenta: 17 nTPM
Single-cell type
- megakaryocytes: 532 nCPM
- epididymal clear cells: 147 nCPM
- platelets: 111 nCPM
- epididymal efferent duct absorptive cells: 93 nCPM
- epididymal efferent duct ciliated cells: 34 nCPM
- astrocytes: 24 nCPM
Immune cell
- total PBMC: 0.1 nTPM
- basophil: 0 nTPM
- classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
- eosinophil: 0 nTPM
- gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
- intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
Brain region
- pons: 43 nTPM
- hypothalamus: 11 nTPM
- midbrain: 9.9 nTPM
- white matter: 6.9 nTPM
- thalamus: 6.5 nTPM
- basal ganglia: 5.6 nTPM
Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap
Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.
- gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
- 1.4
- gnomAD pLI
- 0
- DepMap mean gene effect
- 0.1
- DepMap dependency class
- none
Cancer expressionTCGA
Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).
OntologyGO
Biological processes
- long-chain fatty acid import into cell
- negative regulation of appetite
- negative regulation of heart rate
- positive regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure
- regulation of sensory perception of pain
- negative regulation of renal sodium excretion
- positive regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction
Molecular functions
Cellular components
Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro
- Spexin
- Neuropeptide secretory protein family, NPQ, spexin
KeywordsUniProt
Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis
Seroatlas reads SPX as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against SPX could matter depends on whether native SPX is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.
SPX is annotated as secreted, so native SPX circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.
Annotation status
The present source text does not explicitly label SPX as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.
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