Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

SOAT2

Sterol O-acyltransferase 2

Also known as: ACAT2, SOAT2_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: O75908
Gene: SOAT2
Ensembl: ENSG00000167780
Chromosome: 12
Canonical length: 522 aa
Protein class: Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted membrane proteins, Transporters

OverviewNCBI Gene

Summary:This gene is a member of a small family of acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferases. The gene encodes a membrane-bound enzyme localized in the endoplasmic reticulum that produces intracellular cholesterol esters from long-chain fatty acyl CoA and cholesterol. The cholesterol esters are then stored as cytoplasmic lipid droplets inside the cell. The enzyme is implicated in cholesterol absorption in the intestine and in the assembly and secretion of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins such as very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but their full-length nature is not known. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

522 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>O75908|SOAT2
     1  MEPGGARLRL QRTEGLGGER ERQPCGDGNT ETHRAPDLVQ WTRHMEAVKA QLLEQAQGQL
    61  RELLDRAMRE AIQSYPSQDK PLPPPPPGSL SRTQEPSLGK QKVFIIRKSL LDELMEVQHF
   121  RTIYHMFIAG LCVFIISTLA IDFIDEGRLL LEFDLLIFSF GQLPLALVTW VPMFLSTLLA
   181  PYQALRLWAR GTWTQATGLG CALLAAHAVV LCALPVHVAV EHQLPPASRC VLVFEQVRFL
   241  MKSYSFLREA VPGTLRARRG EGIQAPSFSS YLYFLFCPTL IYRETYPRTP YVRWNYVAKN
   301  FAQALGCVLY ACFILGRLCV PVFANMSREP FSTRALVLSI LHATLPGIFM LLLIFFAFLH
   361  CWLNAFAEML RFGDRMFYRD WWNSTSFSNY YRTWNVVVHD WLYSYVYQDG LRLLGARARG
   421  VAMLGVFLVS AVAHEYIFCF VLGFFYPVML ILFLVIGGML NFMMHDQRTG PAWNVLMWTM
   481  LFLGQGIQVS LYCQEWYARR HCPLPQATFW GLVTPRSWSC HT

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against SOAT2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Other membrane
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 9
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.34
Highest tissue expression: 18 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

small intestine: 18 nTPM
duodenum: 11 nTPM
liver: 2.8 nTPM
spleen: 1.9 nTPM
blood vessel: 1 nTPM
cervix: 0.7 nTPM

Single-cell type

enterocytes: 19 nCPM
fibro-adipogenic progenitors: 7.6 nCPM
medullary thymic epithelial cells: 7.2 nCPM
endometrial stromal cells: 5.4 nCPM
epididymal basal cells: 4.3 nCPM
thymocytes: 4.2 nCPM

Immune cell

MAIT T-cell: 1.1 nTPM
memory CD8 T-cell: 0.7 nTPM
memory CD4 T-cell: 0.4 nTPM
naive CD8 T-cell: 0.4 nTPM
naive CD4 T-cell: 0.1 nTPM
NK-cell: 0.1 nTPM

Brain region

cerebellum: 0.1 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 0.1 nTPM
choroid plexus: 0.1 nTPM
spinal cord: 0.1 nTPM
white matter: 0.1 nTPM
amygdala: 0 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.48
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: 0.62
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.09
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of SOAT2 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

INSIG1

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads SOAT2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against SOAT2 could matter depends on whether native SOAT2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

SOAT2 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label SOAT2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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