PVALB
Parvalbumin alpha
Also known as: D22S749, PRVA_HUMAN
Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene
Protein identityUniProt · HPA
- UniProt accession
- P20472
- Gene
- PVALB
- Ensembl
- ENSG00000100362
- Chromosome
- 22
- Canonical length
- 110 aa
- Protein class
- Predicted intracellular proteins
- Subcellular location
- Nucleoplasm,Nucleoli,Cell Junctions
OverviewNCBI Gene
The protein encoded by this gene is a high affinity calcium ion-binding protein that is structurally and functionally similar to calmodulin and troponin C. The encoded protein is thought to be involved in muscle relaxation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]
Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt
110 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.
>P20472|PVALB
1 MSMTDLLNAE DIKKAVGAFS ATDSFDHKKF FQMVGLKKKS ADDVKKVFHM LDKDKSGFIE
61 EDELGFILKG FSPDARDLSA KETKMLMAAG DKDGDGKIGV DEFSTLVAESLocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA
Whether an antibody against PVALB can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.
- Antibody reachability
- Intracellular
- Secreted
- No
- Transmembrane segments
- 0
- Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
- 0.28
- Highest tissue expression
- 1,993 nTPM
Expression across tissuesHPA
Tissue
- parathyroid gland: 1,993 nTPM
- cerebellum: 639 nTPM
- retina: 346 nTPM
- midbrain: 121 nTPM
- cerebral cortex: 99 nTPM
- kidney: 94 nTPM
Single-cell type
- retinal horizontal cells: 575 nCPM
- hofbauer cells: 89 nCPM
- platelets: 68 nCPM
- retinal ganglion cells: 35 nCPM
- brain inhibitory neurons: 27 nCPM
- bergmann glia: 13 nCPM
Immune cell
- total PBMC: 15 nTPM
- neutrophil: 4.6 nTPM
- plasmacytoid DC: 0.9 nTPM
- classical monocyte: 0.5 nTPM
- intermediate monocyte: 0.4 nTPM
- T-reg: 0.3 nTPM
Brain region
- thalamus: 577 nTPM
- cerebellum: 525 nTPM
- medulla oblongata: 260 nTPM
- pons: 213 nTPM
- hypothalamus: 197 nTPM
- midbrain: 165 nTPM
Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap
Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.
- gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
- 1.36
- gnomAD pLI
- 0.09
- gnomAD missense Z
- 0.04
- DepMap mean gene effect
- 0.04
- DepMap dependency class
- none
Cancer expressionTCGA
Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).
OntologyGO
Biological processes
- excitatory chemical synaptic transmission
- gene expression
- inhibitory chemical synaptic transmission
- relaxation of muscle
Molecular functions
Cellular components
Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro
KeywordsUniProt
Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis
Seroatlas reads PVALB as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against PVALB could matter depends on whether native PVALB is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.
PVALB is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.
Annotation status
The present source text does not explicitly label PVALB as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.
Loading the interactive Seroatlas protein explorer...