Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

PNMT

Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase

Also known as: PENT, PNMT_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: P11086
Gene: PNMT
Ensembl: ENSG00000141744
Chromosome: 17
Canonical length: 282 aa
Protein class: Cancer-related genes, Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins

OverviewNCBI Gene

The product of this gene catalyzes the last step of the catecholamine biosynthesis pathway, which methylates norepinephrine to form epinephrine (adrenaline). The enzyme also has beta-carboline 2N-methyltransferase activity. This gene is thought to play a key step in regulating epinephrine production. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

282 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P11086|PNMT
     1  MSGADRSPNA GAAPDSAPGQ AAVASAYQRF EPRAYLRNNY APPRGDLCNP NGVGPWKLRC
    61  LAQTFATGEV SGRTLIDIGS GPTVYQLLSA CSHFEDITMT DFLEVNRQEL GRWLQEEPGA
   121  FNWSMYSQHA CLIEGKGECW QDKERQLRAR VKRVLPIDVH QPQPLGAGSP APLPADALVS
   181  AFCLEAVSPD LASFQRALDH ITTLLRPGGH LLLIGALEES WYLAGEARLT VVPVSEEEVR
   241  EALVRSGYKV RDLRTYIMPA HLQTGVDDVK GVFFAWAQKV GL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against PNMT can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.25
Highest tissue expression: 149 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

adrenal gland: 149 nTPM
basal ganglia: 53 nTPM
midbrain: 44 nTPM
pituitary gland: 35 nTPM
hypothalamus: 28 nTPM
heart muscle: 23 nTPM

Single-cell type

adrenal medulla cells: 245 nCPM
mast cells: 188 nCPM
megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors: 163 nCPM
hematopoietic stem cells: 115 nCPM
erythrocyte progenitors: 109 nCPM
thymic myoid cells: 80 nCPM

Immune cell

gdT-cell: 0.4 nTPM
memory CD8 T-cell: 0.2 nTPM
memory B-cell: 0.1 nTPM
naive CD8 T-cell: 0.1 nTPM
basophil: 0 nTPM
classical monocyte: 0 nTPM

Brain region

basal ganglia: 49 nTPM
thalamus: 42 nTPM
midbrain: 36 nTPM
pons: 30 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 27 nTPM
cerebellum: 24 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.08
gnomAD pLI: 0.01
gnomAD missense Z: 0.45
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.16
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase activity

Cellular components

cytosol

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads PNMT as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against PNMT could matter depends on whether native PNMT is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

PNMT is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label PNMT as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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