Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

PIGW

Glucosaminyl-phosphatidylinositol-acyltransferase PIGW

Also known as: FLJ37433, Gwt1, PIGW_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q7Z7B1
Gene
PIGW
Ensembl
ENSG00000277161
Chromosome
17
Canonical length
504 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted membrane proteins
Subcellular location
Plasma membrane

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is an inositol acyltransferase that acylates the inositol ring of phosphatidylinositol. This occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and is a step in the biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI), which anchors many cell surface proteins to the membrane. Defects in this gene are a cause of the age-dependent epileptic encephalopathy West syndrome as well as a syndrome exhibiting hyperphosphatasia and cognitive disability (HPMRS5). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2017]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

504 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q7Z7B1|PIGW
     1  MSEKQMKEAF VSNLNGTTVL EITQGLCFPA FCILCRGFLI IFSQYLCSFS PTWKTRFLTD
    61  FVVLIVPMVA TLTIWASFIL LELLGVIIFG AGLLYQIYRR RTCYARLPFL KILEKFLNIS
   121  LESEYNPAIS CFRVITSAFT AIAILAVDFP LFPRRFAKTE LYGTGAMDFG VGGFVFGSAM
   181  VCLEVRRRKY MEGSKLHYFT NSLYSVWPLV FLGIGRLAII KSIGYQEHLT EYGVHWNFFF
   241  TIIVVKLITP LLLIIFPLNK SWIIALGITV LYQLALDFTS LKRLILYGTD GSGTRVGLLN
   301  ANREGIISTL GYVAIHMAGV QTGLYMHKNR SHIKDLIKVA CFLLLAAISL FISLYVVQVN
   361  VEAVSRRMAN LAFCIWIVAS SLILLSSLLL GDIILSFAKF LIKGALVPCS WKLIQSPVTN
   421  KKHSESLVPE AERMEPSLCL ITALNRKQLI FFLLSNITTG LINLMVDTLH SSTLWALFVV
   481  NLYMFSNCLI VYVLYLQDKT VQFW

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against PIGW can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Other membrane
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
13
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.25
Highest tissue expression
7.3 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • skeletal muscle: 7.3 nTPM
  • esophagus: 6.7 nTPM
  • liver: 5.8 nTPM
  • skin: 5.2 nTPM
  • salivary gland: 4.5 nTPM
  • kidney: 4.4 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • other brain neurons: 4.3 nCPM
  • oligodendrocytes: 3.4 nCPM
  • ependymal cells: 3.3 nCPM
  • oligodendrocyte progenitor cells: 3.3 nCPM
  • brain inhibitory neurons: 3.2 nCPM
  • bergmann glia: 2.8 nCPM

Immune cell

  • myeloid DC: 3.6 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 3.5 nTPM
  • naive CD4 T-cell: 3.2 nTPM
  • naive CD8 T-cell: 3.1 nTPM
  • naive B-cell: 2.9 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 2.8 nTPM

Brain region

  • choroid plexus: 4.3 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 3.7 nTPM
  • pons: 3.7 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 3.6 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 3.5 nTPM
  • thalamus: 3.5 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about PIGW.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions PIGW is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defect 11 (GPIBD11) MIM:616025

Disease | GeneticClinVar

7 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 340 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.08
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.05
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.19
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 7% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

  • Phosphatidylinositol anchor biosynthesis protein PIGW/GWT1
  • GWT1

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads PIGW as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against PIGW could matter depends on whether native PIGW is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

PIGW is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label PIGW as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/PIGW. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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