Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

NPPB

Natriuretic peptides B

Also known as: ANFB_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P16860
Gene
NPPB
Ensembl
ENSG00000120937
Chromosome
1
Canonical length
134 aa
Protein class
Candidate cardiovascular disease genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted secreted proteins
Subcellular location
Vesicles,Cytosol
Secretome location
Secreted to blood

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene is a member of the natriuretic peptide family and encodes a secreted protein which functions as a cardiac hormone. The protein undergoes two cleavage events, one within the cell and a second after secretion into the blood. The protein's biological actions include natriuresis, diuresis, vasorelaxation, inhibition of renin and aldosterone secretion, and a key role in cardiovascular homeostasis. A high concentration of this protein in the bloodstream is indicative of heart failure. The presence of myocardial injury is a significant predictor of mortality in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and there is evidence of increased levels of natriuretic peptide B in hospitalized non-survivor COVID-19 patients. The protein also acts as an antimicrobial peptide with antibacterial and antifungal activity. Mutations in this gene have been associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

134 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P16860|NPPB
     1  MDPQTAPSRA LLLLLFLHLA FLGGRSHPLG SPGSASDLET SGLQEQRNHL QGKLSELQVE
    61  QTSLEPLQES PRPTGVWKSR EVATEGIRGH RKMVLYTLRA PRSPKMVQGS GCFGRKMDRI
   121  SSSSGLGCKV LRRH

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against NPPB can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Secreted
Secreted
Yes
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.62
Highest tissue expression
4,820 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • heart muscle: 4,820 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 9 nTPM
  • blood vessel: 8.1 nTPM
  • pancreas: 3.8 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 1.1 nTPM
  • salivary gland: 1.1 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • migrating cytotrophoblasts: 72 nCPM
  • sertoli cells: 35 nCPM
  • pancreatic duct cells: 7.6 nCPM
  • cardiomyocytes: 3.4 nCPM
  • pancreatic acinar cells: 2.9 nCPM
  • endometrial luminal cells: 2.8 nCPM

Immune cell

  • MAIT T-cell: 0.1 nTPM
  • memory CD8 T-cell: 0.1 nTPM
  • naive CD4 T-cell: 0.1 nTPM
  • naive CD8 T-cell: 0.1 nTPM
  • basophil: 0 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0 nTPM

Brain region

  • basal ganglia: 6.9 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 1 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 0.8 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 0.8 nTPM
  • midbrain: 0.7 nTPM
  • thalamus: 0.7 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.86
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
-0.15
DepMap mean gene effect
0.19
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 2% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads NPPB as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against NPPB could matter depends on whether native NPPB is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

NPPB is annotated as secreted, so native NPPB circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label NPPB as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/NPPB. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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