Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

NPL

N-acetylneuraminate lyase

Also known as: C1orf13, DHDPS1, NPL_HUMAN, NPL1

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q9BXD5
Gene: NPL
Ensembl: ENSG00000135838
Chromosome: 1
Canonical length: 320 aa
Protein class: Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location: Vesicles,Plasma membrane
Quaternary structure: Homotetramer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the N-acetylneuraminate lyase sub-family of (beta/alpha)(8)-barrel enzymes. N-acetylneuraminate lyases regulate cellular concentrations of N-acetyl-neuraminic acid (sialic acid) by mediating the reversible conversion of sialic acid into N-acetylmannosamine and pyruvate. A pseudogene of this gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 2. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

320 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9BXD5|NPL
     1  MAFPKKKLQG LVAATITPMT ENGEINFSVI GQYVDYLVKE QGVKNIFVNG TTGEGLSLSV
    61  SERRQVAEEW VTKGKDKLDQ VIIHVGALSL KESQELAQHA AEIGADGIAV IAPFFLKPWT
   121  KDILINFLKE VAAAAPALPF YYYHIPALTG VKIRAEELLD GILDKIPTFQ GLKFSDTDLL
   181  DFGQCVDQNR QQQFAFLFGV DEQLLSALVM GATGAVGSTY NYLGKKTNQM LEAFEQKDFS
   241  LALNYQFCIQ RFINFVVKLG FGVSQTKAIM TLVSGIPMGP PRLPLQKASR EFTDSAEAKL
   301  KSLDFLSFTD LKDGNLEAGS

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against NPL can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.25
Highest tissue expression: 42 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

kidney: 42 nTPM
placenta: 38 nTPM
lymph node: 27 nTPM
epididymis: 26 nTPM
spleen: 25 nTPM
liver: 17 nTPM

Single-cell type

hofbauer cells: 1,198 nCPM
neutrophils: 599 nCPM
kupffer cells: 465 nCPM
astrocytes: 380 nCPM
microglia: 336 nCPM
macrophages: 234 nCPM

Immune cell

neutrophil: 440 nTPM
classical monocyte: 134 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 123 nTPM
eosinophil: 109 nTPM
non-classical monocyte: 99 nTPM
total PBMC: 69 nTPM

Brain region

thalamus: 43 nTPM
white matter: 31 nTPM
midbrain: 30 nTPM
basal ganglia: 28 nTPM
cerebellum: 26 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 26 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.14
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: 0.18
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.11
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

identical protein binding
N-acetylneuraminate lyase activity

Cellular components

cytosol

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads NPL as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against NPL could matter depends on whether native NPL is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

NPL is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label NPL as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Loading the interactive Seroatlas protein explorer...