Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

MRPL22

Large ribosomal subunit protein uL22m

Also known as: HSPC158, MRP-L25, RM22_HUMAN, RPML25

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q9NWU5
Gene
MRPL22
Ensembl
ENSG00000082515
Chromosome
5
Canonical length
206 aa
Protein class
Predicted intracellular proteins, Ribosomal proteins
Subcellular location
Mitochondria

OverviewNCBI Gene

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein that belongs to the L22 ribosomal protein family. A pseudogene corresponding to this gene is found on chromosome 4q. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

206 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9NWU5|MRPL22
     1  MAAAVLGQLG ALWIHNLRSR GKLALGVLPQ SYIHTSASLD ISRKWEKKNK IVYPPQLPGE
    61  PRRPAEIYHC RRQIKYSKDK MWYLAKLIRG MSIDQALAQL EFNDKKGAKI IKEVLLEAQD
   121  MAVRDHNVEF RSNLYIAEST SGRGQCLKRI RYHGRGRFGI MEKVYCHYFV KLVEGPPPPP
   181  EPPKTAVAHA KEYIQQLRSR TIVHTL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against MRPL22 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.44
Highest tissue expression
46 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • liver: 46 nTPM
  • heart muscle: 44 nTPM
  • bone marrow: 39 nTPM
  • kidney: 38 nTPM
  • skeletal muscle: 37 nTPM
  • adrenal gland: 37 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • late primary spermatocytes: 267 nCPM
  • oocytes: 240 nCPM
  • gastric progenitor cells: 203 nCPM
  • esophageal basal cells: 188 nCPM
  • esophageal suprabasal cells: 176 nCPM
  • cytotrophoblasts: 172 nCPM

Immune cell

  • T-reg: 75 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 73 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 67 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 64 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 62 nTPM
  • naive B-cell: 62 nTPM

Brain region

  • cerebellum: 14 nTPM
  • pons: 14 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 14 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 14 nTPM
  • white matter: 13 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 13 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.2
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.27
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.33
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads MRPL22 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against MRPL22 could matter depends on whether native MRPL22 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

MRPL22 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label MRPL22 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/MRPL22. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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