INSL4
Early placenta insulin-like peptide
Also known as: EPIL, INSL4_HUMAN
Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene
Protein identityUniProt · HPA
- UniProt accession
- Q14641
- Gene
- INSL4
- Ensembl
- ENSG00000120211
- Chromosome
- 9
- Canonical length
- 139 aa
- Protein class
- Predicted secreted proteins
- Subcellular location
- Vesicles
- Secretome location
- Secreted to blood
OverviewNCBI Gene
INSL4 encodes the insulin-like 4 protein, a member of the insulin superfamily. INSL4 encodes a precursor that undergoes post-translational cleavage to produce 3 polypeptide chains, A-C, that form tertiary structures composed of either all three chains, or just the A and B chains. Expression of INSL4 products occurs within the early placental cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt
139 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.
>Q14641|INSL4
1 MASLFRSYLP AIWLLLSQLL RESLAAELRG CGPRFGKHLL SYCPMPEKTF TTTPGGWLLE
61 SGRPKEMVST SNNKDGQALG TTSEFIPNLS PELKKPLSEG QPSLKKIILS RKKRSGRHRF
121 DPFCCEVICD DGTSVKLCTLocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA
Whether an antibody against INSL4 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.
- Antibody reachability
- Secreted
- Secreted
- Yes
- Transmembrane segments
- 0
- Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
- 0.58
- Highest tissue expression
- 15 nTPM
Expression across tissuesHPA
Tissue
- placenta: 15 nTPM
- epididymis: 1.4 nTPM
- bone marrow: 0.3 nTPM
- skin: 0.2 nTPM
- appendix: 0.1 nTPM
- lymph node: 0.1 nTPM
Single-cell type
- syncytiotrophoblasts: 5,122 nCPM
- cytotrophoblasts: 374 nCPM
- migrating cytotrophoblasts: 98 nCPM
- extravillous trophoblasts: 21 nCPM
- hofbauer cells: 9.9 nCPM
- decidual stromal cells: 4.6 nCPM
Immune cell
- basophil: 0 nTPM
- classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
- eosinophil: 0 nTPM
- gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
- intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
- MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM
Brain region
- white matter: 3 nTPM
- cerebral cortex: 2.8 nTPM
- basal ganglia: 2.4 nTPM
- cerebellum: 2.4 nTPM
- thalamus: 2.4 nTPM
- medulla oblongata: 2.3 nTPM
Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap
Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.
- gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
- 1.93
- gnomAD pLI
- 0
- gnomAD missense Z
- -1.43
- DepMap mean gene effect
- 0.11
- DepMap dependency class
- none
Cancer expressionTCGA
Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 2% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).
OntologyGO
Biological processes
- cell-cell signaling
- positive regulation of chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation
Molecular functions
Cellular components
Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro
KeywordsUniProt
Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis
Seroatlas reads INSL4 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against INSL4 could matter depends on whether native INSL4 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.
INSL4 is annotated as secreted, so native INSL4 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.
Annotation status
The present source text does not explicitly label INSL4 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.
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