Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

HAS1

Hyaluronan synthase 1

Also known as: HAS, HYAS1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q92839
Gene: HAS1
Ensembl: ENSG00000105509
Chromosome: 19
Canonical length: 578 aa
Protein class: Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins, Transporters
Subcellular location: Nucleoplasm,Plasma membrane

OverviewNCBI Gene

Hyaluronan or hyaluronic acid (HA) is a high molecular weight unbranched polysaccharide synthesized by a wide variety of organisms from bacteria to mammals, and is a constituent of the extracellular matrix. It consists of alternating glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine residues that are linked by beta-1-3 and beta-1-4 glycosidic bonds. HA is synthesized by membrane-bound synthase at the inner surface of the plasma membrane, and the chains are extruded through pore-like structures into the extracellular space. It serves a variety of functions, including space filling, lubrication of joints, and provision of a matrix through which cells can migrate. HA is actively produced during wound healing and tissue repair to provide a framework for ingrowth of blood vessels and fibroblasts. Changes in the serum concentration of HA are associated with inflammatory and degenerative arthropathies such as rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, the interaction of HA with the leukocyte receptor CD44 is important in tissue-specific homing by leukocytes, and overexpression of HA receptors has been correlated with tumor metastasis. HAS1 is a member of the newly identified vertebrate gene family encoding putative hyaluronan synthases, and its amino acid sequence shows significant homology to the hasA gene product of Streptococcus pyogenes, a glycosaminoglycan synthetase (DG42) from Xenopus laevis, and a recently described murine hyaluronan synthase. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

578 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q92839|HAS1
     1  MRQQDAPKPT PAACRCSGLA RRVLTIAFAL LILGLMTWAY AAGVPLASDR YGLLAFGLYG
    61  AFLSAHLVAQ SLFAYLEHRR VAAAARGPLD AATARSVALT ISAYQEDPAY LRQCLASARA
   121  LLYPRARLRV LMVVDGNRAE DLYMVDMFRE VFADEDPATY VWDGNYHQPW EPAAAGAVGA
   181  GAYREVEAED PGRLAVEALV RTRRCVCVAQ RWGGKREVMY TAFKALGDSV DYVQVCDSDT
   241  RLDPMALLEL VRVLDEDPRV GAVGGDVRIL NPLDSWVSFL SSLRYWVAFN VERACQSYFH
   301  CVSCISGPLG LYRNNLLQQF LEAWYNQKFL GTHCTFGDDR HLTNRMLSMG YATKYTSRSR
   361  CYSETPSSFL RWLSQQTRWS KSYFREWLYN ALWWHRHHAW MTYEAVVSGL FPFFVAATVL
   421  RLFYAGRPWA LLWVLLCVQG VALAKAAFAA WLRGCLRMVL LSLYAPLYMC GLLPAKFLAL
   481  VTMNQSGWGT SGRRKLAANY VPLLPLALWA LLLLGGLVRS VAHEARADWS GPSRAAEAYH
   541  LAAGAGAYVG YWVAMLTLYW VGVRRLCRRR TGGYRVQV

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against HAS1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Cell surface
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 7
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.26
Highest tissue expression: 46 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

adipose tissue: 46 nTPM
ovary: 19 nTPM
heart muscle: 9.3 nTPM
fallopian tube: 6.2 nTPM
appendix: 5.9 nTPM
urinary bladder: 5.9 nTPM

Single-cell type

epicardial cells: 271 nCPM
mesothelial cells: 256 nCPM
fibroblasts: 52 nCPM
vascular smooth muscle cells: 23 nCPM
basal keratinocytes: 19 nCPM
retinal bipolar cells: 19 nCPM

Immune cell

eosinophil: 2.5 nTPM
neutrophil: 0.6 nTPM
naive CD4 T-cell: 0.1 nTPM
basophil: 0 nTPM
classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
gdT-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

hypothalamus: 6.6 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 5.8 nTPM
basal ganglia: 5 nTPM
white matter: 4.6 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 4.5 nTPM
cerebellum: 4.4 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.38
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: -0.48
DepMap mean gene effect: 0.03
DepMap dependency class: none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 2% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads HAS1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against HAS1 could matter depends on whether native HAS1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

HAS1 is annotated at the cell surface, where native HAS1 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label HAS1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Loading the interactive Seroatlas protein explorer...