GZMA

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession

P12544

Gene

GZMA

Ensembl

ENSG00000145649

Chromosome

5

Canonical length

262 aa

Protein class

Enzymes, Predicted secreted proteins

Secretome location

Secreted to blood

Quaternary structure

Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

Cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells share the remarkable ability to recognize, bind, and lyse specific target cells. They are thought to protect their host by lysing cells bearing on their surface 'nonself' antigens, usually peptides or proteins resulting from infection by intracellular pathogens. The protein described here is a T cell- and natural killer cell-specific serine protease that may function as a common component necessary for lysis of target cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

262 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P12544|GZMA
     1  MRNSYRFLAS SLSVVVSLLL IPEDVCEKII GGNEVTPHSR PYMVLLSLDR KTICAGALIA
    61  KDWVLTAAHC NLNKRSQVIL GAHSITREEP TKQIMLVKKE FPYPCYDPAT REGDLKLLQL
   121  MEKAKINKYV TILHLPKKGD DVKPGTMCQV AGWGRTHNSA SWSDTLREVN ITIIDRKVCN
   181  DRNHYNFNPV IGMNMVCAGS LRGGRDSCNG DSGSPLLCEG VFRGVTSFGL ENKCGDPRGP
   241  GVYILLSKKH LNWIIMTIKG AV

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GZMA can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability

Secreted

Secreted

Yes

Transmembrane segments

0

Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)

0.29

Highest tissue expression

64 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)

1.6

gnomAD pLI

0

gnomAD missense Z

0.17

DepMap mean gene effect

-0.12

DepMap dependency class

selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

• apoptotic process
• cytotoxic T cell pyroptotic cell death
• granzyme-mediated programmed cell death signaling pathway
• immune response
• killing of cells of another organism
• negative regulation of DNA binding
• negative regulation of oxidoreductase activity
• positive regulation of apoptotic process
• protein maturation
• proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process
• pyroptotic inflammatory response
• response to bacterium
• negative regulation of endodeoxyribonuclease activity

Molecular functions

• protein homodimerization activity
• serine-type endopeptidase activity

Cellular components

• cytolytic granule
• cytoplasm
• extracellular space
• immunological synapse
• nucleus

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

• Serine proteases, trypsin domain
• Peptidase S1A, chymotrypsin family
• Peptidase S1, PA clan
• Serine proteases, trypsin family, histidine active site
• Serine proteases, trypsin family, serine active site
• Trypsin

KeywordsUniProt

• Alternative promoter usage
• Cytolysis
• Disulfide bond
• Glycoprotein
• Hydrolase
• Protease
• Secreted
• Serine protease
• Signal
• Zymogen

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of GZMA in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

• APEX1