Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

GRP

Gastrin-releasing peptide

Also known as: GRP_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: P07492
Gene: GRP
Ensembl: ENSG00000134443
Chromosome: 18
Canonical length: 148 aa
Protein class: Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted secreted proteins
Secretome location: Secreted in other tissues

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the bombesin-like family of gastrin-releasing peptides. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate two peptides, gastrin-releasing peptide and neuromedin-C. These peptides regulate numerous functions of the gastrointestinal and central nervous systems, including release of gastrointestinal hormones, smooth muscle cell contraction, and epithelial cell proliferation. These peptides are also likely to play a role in human cancers of the lung, colon, stomach, pancreas, breast, and prostate. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

148 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P07492|GRP
     1  MRGRELPLVL LALVLCLAPR GRAVPLPAGG GTVLTKMYPR GNHWAVGHLM GKKSTGESSS
    61  VSERGSLKQQ LREYIRWEEA ARNLLGLIEA KENRNHQPPQ PKALGNQQPS WDSEDSSNFK
   121  DVGSKGKVGR LSAPGSQREG RNPQLNQQ

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GRP can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Secreted
Secreted: Yes
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.65
Highest tissue expression: 12 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

hippocampal formation: 12 nTPM
stomach: 11 nTPM
lung: 8.5 nTPM
choroid plexus: 7.7 nTPM
parathyroid gland: 6.6 nTPM
hypothalamus: 5.9 nTPM

Single-cell type

late spermatids: 17 nCPM
late primary spermatocytes: 15 nCPM
early spermatids: 12 nCPM
breast myoepithelial cells: 8.6 nCPM
brain excitatory neurons: 6.8 nCPM
other brain neurons: 5.8 nCPM

Immune cell

basophil: 0 nTPM
classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
eosinophil: 0 nTPM
gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

midbrain: 56 nTPM
hippocampal formation: 11 nTPM
hypothalamus: 10 nTPM
amygdala: 5.1 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 4.4 nTPM
choroid plexus: 3.7 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.73
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: 0.66
DepMap mean gene effect: 0.03
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads GRP as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against GRP could matter depends on whether native GRP is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

GRP is annotated as secreted, so native GRP circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label GRP as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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