GPT

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession

P24298

Gene

GPT

Ensembl

ENSG00000167701

Chromosome

8

Canonical length

496 aa

Protein class

Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins

Quaternary structure

Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes cytosolic alanine aminotransaminase 1 (ALT1); also known as glutamate-pyruvate transaminase 1. This enzyme catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to generate pyruvate and glutamate and, therefore, plays a key role in the intermediary metabolism of glucose and amino acids. Serum activity levels of this enzyme are routinely used as a biomarker of liver injury caused by drug toxicity, infection, alcohol, and steatosis. A related gene on chromosome 16 encodes a putative mitochondrial alanine aminotransaminase.[provided by RefSeq, Nov 2009]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

496 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P24298|GPT
     1  MASSTGDRSQ AVRHGLRAKV LTLDGMNPRV RRVEYAVRGP IVQRALELEQ ELRQGVKKPF
    61  TEVIRANIGD AQAMGQRPIT FLRQVLALCV NPDLLSSPNF PDDAKKRAER ILQACGGHSL
   121  GAYSVSSGIQ LIREDVARYI ERRDGGIPAD PNNVFLSTGA SDAIVTVLKL LVAGEGHTRT
   181  GVLIPIPQYP LYSATLAELG AVQVDYYLDE ERAWALDVAE LHRALGQARD HCRPRALCVI
   241  NPGNPTGQVQ TRECIEAVIR FAFEERLFLL ADEVYQDNVY AAGSQFHSFK KVLMEMGPPY
   301  AGQQELASFH STSKGYMGEC GFRGGYVEVV NMDAAVQQQM LKLMSVRLCP PVPGQALLDL
   361  VVSPPAPTDP SFAQFQAEKQ AVLAELAAKA KLTEQVFNEA PGISCNPVQG AMYSFPRVQL
   421  PPRAVERAQE LGLAPDMFFC LRLLEETGIC VVPGSGFGQR EGTYHFRMTI LPPLEKLRLL
   481  LEKLSRFHAK FTLEYS

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GPT can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability

Intracellular

Secreted

No

Transmembrane segments

0

Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)

0.24

Highest tissue expression

183 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)

1.62

gnomAD pLI

0

gnomAD missense Z

-1

DepMap mean gene effect

0

DepMap dependency class

selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

• L-alanine catabolic process

Molecular functions

• L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity
• pyridoxal phosphate binding

Cellular components

• cytosol
• extracellular exosome

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

• Aminotransferase, class I/classII, large domain
• Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent transferase, major domain
• Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent transferase, small domain
• Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent transferase
• Aminotransferase ALAT1/2-like
• Aminotransferase class I and II

KeywordsUniProt

• Acetylation
• Aminotransferase
• Cytoplasm
• Phosphoprotein
• Pyridoxal phosphate
• Transferase