Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

GPAT2

Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, mitochondrial

Also known as: CT123, GPAT2_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q6NUI2
Gene: GPAT2
Ensembl: ENSG00000186281
Chromosome: 2
Canonical length: 795 aa
Protein class: Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins
Subcellular location: Mitochondria

OverviewNCBI Gene

Enables glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity. Predicted to be involved in glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process; glycerolipid biosynthetic process; and piRNA processing. Located in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

795 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q6NUI2|GPAT2
     1  MATMLEGRCQ TQPRSSPSGR EASLWSSGFG MKLEAVTPFL GKYRPFVGRC CQTCTPKSWE
    61  SLFHRSITDL GFCNVILVKE ENTRFRGWLV RRLCYFLWSL EQHIPPCQDV PQKIMESTGV
   121  QNLLSGRVPG GTGEGQVPDL VKKEVQRILG HIQAPPRPFL VRLFSWALLR FLNCLFLNVQ
   181  LHKGQMKMVQ KAAQAGLPLV LLSTHKTLLD GILLPFMLLS QGLGVLRVAW DSRACSPALR
   241  ALLRKLGGLF LPPEASLSLD SSEGLLARAV VQAVIEQLLV SGQPLLIFLE EPPGALGPRL
   301  SALGQAWVGF VVQAVQVGIV PDALLVPVAV TYDLVPDAPC DIDHASAPLG LWTGALAVLR
   361  SLWSRWGCSH RICSRVHLAQ PFSLQEYIVS ARSCWGGRQT LEQLLQPIVL GQCTAVPDTE
   421  KEQEWTPITG PLLALKEEDQ LLVRRLSCHV LSASVGSSAV MSTAIMATLL LFKHQKLLGE
   481  FSWLTEEILL RGFDVGFSGQ LRSLLQHSLS LLRAHVALLR IRQGDLLVVP QPGPGLTHLA
   541  QLSAELLPVF LSEAVGACAV RGLLAGRVPP QGPWELQGIL LLSQNELYRQ ILLLMHLLPQ
   601  DLLLLKPCQS SYCYCQEVLD RLIQCGLLVA EETPGSRPAC DTGRQRLSRK LLWKPSGDFT
   661  DSDSDDFGEA DGRYFRLSQQ SHCPDFFLFL CRLLSPLLKA FAQAAAFLRQ GQLPDTELGY
   721  TEQLFQFLQA TAQEEGIFEC ADPKLAISAV WTFRDLGVLQ QTPSPAGPRL HLSPTFASLD
   781  NQEKLEQFIR QFICS

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GPAT2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Other membrane
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 2
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.28
Highest tissue expression: 10 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

testis: 10 nTPM
heart muscle: 9 nTPM
adipose tissue: 7.1 nTPM
choroid plexus: 6.8 nTPM
epididymis: 5.7 nTPM
breast: 5.6 nTPM

Single-cell type

breast lactating cells: 596 nCPM
early primary spermatocytes: 83 nCPM
epididymal principal cells: 78 nCPM
pericytes: 30 nCPM
cardiomyocytes: 22 nCPM
lacrimal acinar cells: 21 nCPM

Immune cell

naive B-cell: 4.1 nTPM
memory B-cell: 2.1 nTPM
gdT-cell: 1.4 nTPM
MAIT T-cell: 1.3 nTPM
non-classical monocyte: 1.3 nTPM
naive CD8 T-cell: 1.1 nTPM

Brain region

choroid plexus: 5.7 nTPM
thalamus: 3 nTPM
pons: 2.2 nTPM
white matter: 1.9 nTPM
basal ganglia: 1.7 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 1.7 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about GPAT2.

Disease | GeneticClinVar

3 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 129 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Male infertility

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.12
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: -0.17
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.33
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of GPAT2 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

PIWIL2

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads GPAT2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against GPAT2 could matter depends on whether native GPAT2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

GPAT2 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label GPAT2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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