Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

GPAM

Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1, mitochondrial

Also known as: GPAT1, GPAT1_HUMAN, KIAA1560, MGC26846

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q9HCL2
Gene
GPAM
Ensembl
ENSG00000119927
Chromosome
10
Canonical length
828 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted membrane proteins
Subcellular location
Mitochondria

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a mitochondrial enzyme which prefers saturated fatty acids as its substrate for the synthesis of glycerolipids. This metabolic pathway's first step is catalyzed by the encoded enzyme. Two forms for this enzyme exist, one in the mitochondria and one in the endoplasmic reticulum. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

828 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9HCL2|GPAM
     1  MDESALTLGT IDVSYLPHSS EYSVGRCKHT SEEWGECGFR PTIFRSATLK WKESLMSRKR
    61  PFVGRCCYSC TPQSWDKFFN PSIPSLGLRN VIYINETHTR HRGWLARRLS YVLFIQERDV
   121  HKGMFATNVT ENVLNSSRVQ EAIAEVAAEL NPDGSAQQQS KAVNKVKKKA KRILQEMVAT
   181  VSPAMIRLTG WVLLKLFNSF FWNIQIHKGQ LEMVKAATET NLPLLFLPVH RSHIDYLLLT
   241  FILFCHNIKA PYIASGNNLN IPIFSTLIHK LGGFFIRRRL DETPDGRKDV LYRALLHGHI
   301  VELLRQQQFL EIFLEGTRSR SGKTSCARAG LLSVVVDTLS TNVIPDILII PVGISYDRII
   361  EGHYNGEQLG KPKKNESLWS VARGVIRMLR KNYGCVRVDF AQPFSLKEYL ESQSQKPVSA
   421  LLSLEQALLP AILPSRPSDA ADEGRDTSIN ESRNATDESL RRRLIANLAE HILFTASKSC
   481  AIMSTHIVAC LLLYRHRQGI DLSTLVEDFF VMKEEVLARD FDLGFSGNSE DVVMHAIQLL
   541  GNCVTITHTS RNDEFFITPS TTVPSVFELN FYSNGVLHVF IMEAIIACSL YAVLNKRGLG
   601  GPTSTPPNLI SQEQLVRKAA SLCYLLSNEG TISLPCQTFY QVCHETVGKF IQYGILTVAE
   661  HDDQEDISPS LAEQQWDKKL PEPLSWRSDE EDEDSDFGEE QRDCYLKVSQ SKEHQQFITF
   721  LQRLLGPLLE AYSSAAIFVH NFSGPVPEPE YLQKLHKYLI TRTERNVAVY AESATYCLVK
   781  NAVKMFKDIG VFKETKQKRV SVLELSSTFL PQCNRQKLLE YILSFVVL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GPAM can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Other membrane
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.28
Highest tissue expression
287 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • adipose tissue: 287 nTPM
  • liver: 135 nTPM
  • epididymis: 71 nTPM
  • breast: 66 nTPM
  • adrenal gland: 32 nTPM
  • blood vessel: 26 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • adipocytes: 1,999 nCPM
  • hepatocytes: 279 nCPM
  • retinal pigment epithelial cells: 277 nCPM
  • adrenal cortex cells: 263 nCPM
  • epididymal principal cells: 174 nCPM
  • astrocytes: 122 nCPM

Immune cell

  • naive B-cell: 1.1 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 0.9 nTPM
  • naive CD8 T-cell: 0.9 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 0.7 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 0.6 nTPM
  • T-reg: 0.6 nTPM

Brain region

  • basal ganglia: 26 nTPM
  • midbrain: 24 nTPM
  • thalamus: 24 nTPM
  • amygdala: 22 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 18 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 18 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.68
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
1.37
DepMap mean gene effect
0.09
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 1% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads GPAM as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against GPAM could matter depends on whether native GPAM is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

GPAM is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label GPAM as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/GPAM. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

© 2026 · Seroatlas, Discover Oregon LLC · Terms of use

Loading the interactive Seroatlas protein explorer...