Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

GALNT1

Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1

Also known as: GalNAc-T1, GALT1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q10472
Gene
GALNT1
Ensembl
ENSG00000141429
Chromosome
18
Canonical length
559 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins
Secretome location
Intracellular and membrane

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (GalNAc-T) family of enzymes. GalNAc-Ts initiate mucin-type O-linked glycosylation in the Golgi apparatus by catalyzing the transfer of GalNAc to serine and threonine residues on target proteins. They are characterized by an N-terminal transmembrane domain, a stem region, a lumenal catalytic domain containing a GT1 motif and Gal/GalNAc transferase motif, and a C-terminal ricin/lectin-like domain. GalNAc-Ts have different, but overlapping, substrate specificities and patterns of expression. Transcript variants derived from this gene that utilize alternative polyA signals have been described in the literature. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

559 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q10472|GALNT1
     1  MRKFAYCKVV LATSLIWVLL DMFLLLYFSE CNKCDEKKER GLPAGDVLEP VQKPHEGPGE
    61  MGKPVVIPKE DQEKMKEMFK INQFNLMASE MIALNRSLPD VRLEGCKTKV YPDNLPTTSV
   121  VIVFHNEAWS TLLRTVHSVI NRSPRHMIEE IVLVDDASER DFLKRPLESY VKKLKVPVHV
   181  IRMEQRSGLI RARLKGAAVS KGQVITFLDA HCECTVGWLE PLLARIKHDR RTVVCPIIDV
   241  ISDDTFEYMA GSDMTYGGFN WKLNFRWYPV PQREMDRRKG DRTLPVRTPT MAGGLFSIDR
   301  DYFQEIGTYD AGMDIWGGEN LEISFRIWQC GGTLEIVTCS HVGHVFRKAT PYTFPGGTGQ
   361  IINKNNRRLA EVWMDEFKNF FYIISPGVTK VDYGDISSRV GLRHKLQCKP FSWYLENIYP
   421  DSQIPRHYFS LGEIRNVETN QCLDNMARKE NEKVGIFNCH GMGGNQVFSY TANKEIRTDD
   481  LCLDVSKLNG PVTMLKCHHL KGNQLWEYDP VKLTLQHVNS NQCLDKATEE DSQVPSIRDC
   541  NGSRSQQWLL RNVTLPEIF

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GALNT1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Secreted
Secreted
Yes
Transmembrane segments
1
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.25
Highest tissue expression
57 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • urinary bladder: 57 nTPM
  • esophagus: 47 nTPM
  • skin: 46 nTPM
  • placenta: 44 nTPM
  • small intestine: 41 nTPM
  • liver: 40 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • esophageal apical cells: 646 nCPM
  • retinal pigment epithelial cells: 431 nCPM
  • urothelial cells: 363 nCPM
  • lacrimal acinar cells: 334 nCPM
  • neutrophil progenitors: 324 nCPM
  • salivary acinar cells: 295 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 6.5 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 6.1 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 6 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 4.1 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 3.9 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 3.9 nTPM

Brain region

  • choroid plexus: 18 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 17 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 15 nTPM
  • midbrain: 15 nTPM
  • white matter: 15 nTPM
  • thalamus: 15 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.59
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
2.52
DepMap mean gene effect
0.1
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads GALNT1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against GALNT1 could matter depends on whether native GALNT1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

GALNT1 is annotated as secreted, so native GALNT1 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label GALNT1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/GALNT1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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