Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

CXCL16

C-X-C motif chemokine 16

Also known as: CXCLG16, CXL16_HUMAN, SR-PSOX, SRPSOX

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q9H2A7
Gene: CXCL16
Ensembl: ENSG00000161921
Chromosome: 17
Canonical length: 254 aa
Protein class: Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins, Predicted secreted proteins, Transporters
Subcellular location: Golgi apparatus,Vesicles
Secretome location: Secreted to blood

OverviewNCBI Gene

Enables chemokine activity. Involved in several processes, including positive regulation of cell growth; response to tumor necrosis factor; and response to type II interferon. Located in extracellular space. Biomarker of COVID-19 and systemic scleroderma. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

254 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9H2A7|CXCL16
     1  MGRDLRPGSR VLLLLLLLLL VYLTQPGNGN EGSVTGSCYC GKRISSDSPP SVQFMNRLRK
    61  HLRAYHRCLY YTRFQLLSWS VCGGNKDPWV QELMSCLDLK ECGHAYSGIV AHQKHLLPTS
   121  PPISQASEGA SSDIHTPAQM LLSTLQSTQR PTLPVGSLSS DKELTRPNET TIHTAGHSLA
   181  AGPEAGENQK QPEKNAGPTA RTSATVPVLC LLAIIFILTA ALSYVLCKRR RGQSPQSSPD
   241  LPVHYIPVAP DSNT

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CXCL16 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Cell surface
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 1
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.55
Highest tissue expression: 105 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

testis: 105 nTPM
lung: 100 nTPM
bone marrow: 66 nTPM
parathyroid gland: 58 nTPM
urinary bladder: 56 nTPM
appendix: 53 nTPM

Single-cell type

late spermatids: 6,883 nCPM
early spermatids: 916 nCPM
kupffer cells: 353 nCPM
neutrophils: 317 nCPM
cdc: 222 nCPM
macrophages: 199 nCPM

Immune cell

non-classical monocyte: 142 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 107 nTPM
neutrophil: 103 nTPM
classical monocyte: 63 nTPM
myeloid DC: 38 nTPM
total PBMC: 29 nTPM

Brain region

white matter: 60 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 56 nTPM
thalamus: 48 nTPM
pons: 42 nTPM
spinal cord: 42 nTPM
hypothalamus: 37 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.35
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: 0.35
DepMap mean gene effect: 0.05
DepMap dependency class: none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

CXC chemokine 16
C-X-C motif chemokine 16 domain
C-X-C motif chemokine 16 domain

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads CXCL16 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CXCL16 could matter depends on whether native CXCL16 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

CXCL16 is annotated at the cell surface, where native CXCL16 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label CXCL16 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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