Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

CXCL1

Growth-regulated alpha protein

Also known as: FSP, GRO1, GROa, GROA_HUMAN, MGSA, MGSA-a, NAP-3, SCYB1

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: P09341
Gene: CXCL1
Ensembl: ENSG00000163739
Chromosome: 4
Canonical length: 107 aa
Protein class: Cancer-related genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted secreted proteins
Secretome location: Secreted to blood

OverviewNCBI Gene

This antimicrobial gene encodes a member of the CXC subfamily of chemokines. The encoded protein is a secreted growth factor that signals through the G-protein coupled receptor, CXC receptor 2. This protein plays a role in inflammation and as a chemoattractant for neutrophils. Aberrant expression of this protein is associated with the growth and progression of certain tumors. A naturally occurring processed form of this protein has increased chemotactic activity. Alternate splicing results in coding and non-coding variants of this gene. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 4. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

107 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P09341|CXCL1
     1  MARAALSAAP SNPRLLRVAL LLLLLVAAGR RAAGASVATE LRCQCLQTLQ GIHPKNIQSV
    61  NVKSPGPHCA QTEVIATLKN GRKACLNPAS PIVKKIIEKM LNSDKSN

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CXCL1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Secreted
Secreted: Yes
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.48
Highest tissue expression: 168 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

spleen: 168 nTPM
cervix: 96 nTPM
urinary bladder: 71 nTPM
lung: 47 nTPM
appendix: 46 nTPM
bone marrow: 39 nTPM

Single-cell type

endometrial secretory cells: 2,602 nCPM
epididymal basal cells: 2,022 nCPM
pancreatic duct cells: 1,127 nCPM
respiratory secretory cells: 973 nCPM
fallopian secretory cells: 634 nCPM
esophageal apical cells: 572 nCPM

Immune cell

neutrophil: 48 nTPM
classical monocyte: 0.1 nTPM
basophil: 0 nTPM
eosinophil: 0 nTPM
gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM

Brain region

cerebral cortex: 6.5 nTPM
thalamus: 5.1 nTPM
choroid plexus: 3.6 nTPM
basal ganglia: 3.5 nTPM
pons: 2.6 nTPM
amygdala: 2.4 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.18
gnomAD pLI: 0.12
gnomAD missense Z: 0.02
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.18
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads CXCL1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CXCL1 could matter depends on whether native CXCL1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

CXCL1 is annotated as secreted, so native CXCL1 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label CXCL1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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