CST2
Cystatin-SA
Also known as: CYTT_HUMAN
Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene
Protein identityUniProt · HPA
- UniProt accession
- P09228
- Gene
- CST2
- Ensembl
- ENSG00000170369
- Chromosome
- 20
- Canonical length
- 141 aa
- Protein class
- Predicted secreted proteins
- Secretome location
- Secreted to digestive system
OverviewNCBI Gene
The cystatin superfamily encompasses proteins that contain multiple cystatin-like sequences. Some of the members are active cysteine protease inhibitors, while others have lost or perhaps never acquired this inhibitory activity. There are three inhibitory families in the superfamily, including the type 1 cystatins (stefins), type 2 cystatins and the kininogens. The type 2 cystatin proteins are a class of cysteine proteinase inhibitors found in a variety of human fluids and secretions, where they appear to provide protective functions. The cystatin locus on chromosome 20 contains the majority of the type 2 cystatin genes and pseudogenes. This gene is located in the cystatin locus and encodes a secreted thiol protease inhibitor found at high levels in saliva, tears and seminal plasma. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt
141 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.
>P09228|CST2
1 MAWPLCTLLL LLATQAVALA WSPQEEDRII EGGIYDADLN DERVQRALHF VISEYNKATE
61 DEYYRRLLRV LRAREQIVGG VNYFFDIEVG RTICTKSQPN LDTCAFHEQP ELQKKQLCSF
121 QIYEVPWEDR MSLVNSRCQE ALocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA
Whether an antibody against CST2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.
- Antibody reachability
- Secreted
- Secreted
- Yes
- Transmembrane segments
- 0
- Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
- 0.37
- Highest tissue expression
- 5,624 nTPM
Expression across tissuesHPA
Tissue
- salivary gland: 5,624 nTPM
- pancreas: 8.8 nTPM
- gallbladder: 4.5 nTPM
- smooth muscle: 3.5 nTPM
- adrenal gland: 3.3 nTPM
- prostate: 2.3 nTPM
Single-cell type
- salivary acinar cells: 1,055 nCPM
- salivary myoepithelial cells: 71 nCPM
- lacrimal acinar cells: 68 nCPM
- melanocytes: 10 nCPM
- salivary duct cells: 9.8 nCPM
- neutrophils: 8.3 nCPM
Immune cell
- basophil: 0 nTPM
- classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
- eosinophil: 0 nTPM
- gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
- intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
- MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM
Brain region
- pons: 0.1 nTPM
- amygdala: 0 nTPM
- basal ganglia: 0 nTPM
- cerebellum: 0 nTPM
- cerebral cortex: 0 nTPM
- choroid plexus: 0 nTPM
Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap
Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.
- gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
- 1.94
- gnomAD pLI
- 0
- gnomAD missense Z
- -2.12
- DepMap mean gene effect
- 0.09
- DepMap dependency class
- none
Cancer expressionTCGA
Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).
OntologyGO
Biological processes
Molecular functions
Cellular components
Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro
KeywordsUniProt
Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis
Seroatlas reads CST2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CST2 could matter depends on whether native CST2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.
CST2 is annotated as secreted, so native CST2 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.
Annotation status
The present source text does not explicitly label CST2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.
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