Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

CSN1S1

Alpha-S1-casein

Also known as: CASA, CASA1_HUMAN, CSN1

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P47710
Gene
CSN1S1
Ensembl
ENSG00000126545
Chromosome
4
Canonical length
185 aa
Protein class
Cancer-related genes, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted secreted proteins
Secretome location
Secreted in female reproductive system

OverviewNCBI Gene

Predicted to be involved in several processes, including response to 11-deoxycorticosterone; response to dehydroepiandrosterone; and response to progesterone. Located in extracellular space. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

185 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P47710|CSN1S1
     1  MRLLILTCLV AVALARPKLP LRYPERLQNP SESSEPIPLE SREEYMNGMN RQRNILREKQ
    61  TDEIKDTRNE STQNCVVAEP EKMESSISSS SEEMSLSKCA EQFCRLNEYN QLQLQAAHAQ
   121  EQIRRMNENS HVQVPFQQLN QLAAYPYAVW YYPQIMQYVP FPPFSDISNP TAHENYEKNN
   181  VMLQW

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CSN1S1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Secreted
Secreted
Yes
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.62
Highest tissue expression
1,290 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • breast: 1,290 nTPM
  • adipose tissue: 15 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 1.6 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 1.3 nTPM
  • salivary gland: 1.3 nTPM
  • seminal vesicle: 1.2 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • breast lactating cells: 90,952 nCPM
  • breast secretory cells: 11 nCPM
  • salivary acinar cells: 4.1 nCPM
  • thymocytes: 2.5 nCPM
  • salivary myoepithelial cells: 2.3 nCPM
  • undifferentiated spermatogonia: 1 nCPM

Immune cell

  • plasmacytoid DC: 0.8 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 0.4 nTPM
  • basophil: 0 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 0 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

  • hypothalamus: 1.3 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 0.6 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 0.4 nTPM
  • amygdala: 0.3 nTPM
  • pons: 0.2 nTPM
  • white matter: 0.2 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.71
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.32
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.03
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 2% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads CSN1S1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CSN1S1 could matter depends on whether native CSN1S1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

CSN1S1 is annotated as secreted, so native CSN1S1 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label CSN1S1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/CSN1S1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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