Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

CHST12

Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 12

Also known as: C4S-2, C4ST2, CHSTC_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q9NRB3
Gene
CHST12
Ensembl
ENSG00000136213
Chromosome
7
Canonical length
414 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted membrane proteins
Subcellular location
Golgi apparatus

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the sulfotransferase 2 family. It is localized to the golgi membrane, and catalyzes the transfer of sulfate to position 4 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residue of chondroitin and desulfated dermatan sulfate. Chondroitin sulfate constitutes the predominant proteoglycan present in cartilage, and is distributed on the surfaces of many cells and extracellular matrices. Alternatively spliced transcript variants differing only in their 5' UTRs have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

414 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9NRB3|CHST12
     1  MTKARLFRLW LVLGSVFMIL LIIVYWDSAG AAHFYLHTSF SRPHTGPPLP TPGPDRDREL
    61  TADSDVDEFL DKFLSAGVKQ SDLPRKETEQ PPAPGSMEES VRGYDWSPRD ARRSPDQGRQ
   121  QAERRSVLRG FCANSSLAFP TKERAFDDIP NSELSHLIVD DRHGAIYCYV PKVACTNWKR
   181  VMIVLSGSLL HRGAPYRDPL RIPREHVHNA SAHLTFNKFW RRYGKLSRHL MKVKLKKYTK
   241  FLFVRDPFVR LISAFRSKFE LENEEFYRKF AVPMLRLYAN HTSLPASARE AFRAGLKVSF
   301  ANFIQYLLDP HTEKLAPFNE HWRQVYRLCH PCQIDYDFVG KLETLDEDAA QLLQLLQVDR
   361  QLRFPPSYRN RTASSWEEDW FAKIPLAWRQ QLYKLYEADF VLFGYPKPEN LLRD

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CHST12 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Other membrane
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
1
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.32
Highest tissue expression
19 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • spleen: 19 nTPM
  • endometrium: 14 nTPM
  • adipose tissue: 13 nTPM
  • fallopian tube: 13 nTPM
  • heart muscle: 13 nTPM
  • pituitary gland: 13 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • syncytiotrophoblasts: 157 nCPM
  • nk-cells: 148 nCPM
  • cytotrophoblasts: 134 nCPM
  • leydig cells: 106 nCPM
  • decidual stromal cells: 105 nCPM
  • plasma cells: 90 nCPM

Immune cell

  • NK-cell: 122 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 88 nTPM
  • memory CD8 T-cell: 71 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 65 nTPM
  • basophil: 59 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 55 nTPM

Brain region

  • medulla oblongata: 37 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 36 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 32 nTPM
  • thalamus: 30 nTPM
  • midbrain: 28 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 27 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.28
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.15
DepMap mean gene effect
0.03
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 7% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads CHST12 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CHST12 could matter depends on whether native CHST12 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

CHST12 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label CHST12 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/CHST12. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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