Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

CD99

CD99 antigen

Also known as: CD99_HUMAN, MIC2

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P14209
Gene
CD99
Ensembl
ENSG00000002586
Chromosome
X
Canonical length
185 aa
Protein class
CD markers, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins
Subcellular location
Golgi apparatus

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is a cell surface glycoprotein involved in leukocyte migration, T-cell adhesion, ganglioside GM1 and transmembrane protein transport, and T-cell death by a caspase-independent pathway. In addition, the encoded protein may have the ability to rearrange the actin cytoskeleton and may also act as an oncosuppressor in osteosarcoma. This gene is found in the pseudoautosomal region of chromosomes X and Y and escapes X-chromosome inactivation. There is a related pseudogene located immediately adjacent to this locus. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2016]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

185 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P14209|CD99
     1  MARGAALALL LFGLLGVLVA APDGGFDLSD ALPDNENKKP TAIPKKPSAG DDFDLGDAVV
    61  DGENDDPRPP NPPKPMPNPN PNHPSSSGSF SDADLADGVS GGEGKGGSDG GGSHRKEGEE
   121  ADAPGVIPGI VGAVVVAVAG AISSFIAYQK KKLCFKENAE QGEVDMESHR NANAEPAVQR
   181  TLLEK

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CD99 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
1
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.66
Highest tissue expression
523 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • thymus: 523 nTPM
  • blood vessel: 493 nTPM
  • adipose tissue: 492 nTPM
  • colon: 357 nTPM
  • heart muscle: 352 nTPM
  • cervix: 348 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • platelets: 1,730 nCPM
  • hofbauer cells: 1,448 nCPM
  • pancreatic islet cells: 1,384 nCPM
  • esophageal apical cells: 1,322 nCPM
  • decidual stromal cells: 1,032 nCPM
  • thymocytes: 874 nCPM

Immune cell

  • total PBMC: 1,420 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 1,092 nTPM
  • memory CD8 T-cell: 961 nTPM
  • T-reg: 836 nTPM
  • memory CD4 T-cell: 733 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 683 nTPM

Brain region

  • hypothalamus: 382 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 331 nTPM
  • white matter: 325 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 306 nTPM
  • midbrain: 234 nTPM
  • pons: 219 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.97
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
-0.53

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads CD99 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CD99 could matter depends on whether native CD99 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

CD99 is annotated at the cell surface, where native CD99 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label CD99 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/CD99. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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