CAT

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession

P04040

Gene

CAT

Ensembl

ENSG00000121691

Chromosome

11

Canonical length

527 aa

Protein class

Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, Enzymes, FDA approved drug targets, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins

Subcellular location

Vesicles

Quaternary structure

Homotetramer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes catalase, a key antioxidant enzyme in the bodies defense against oxidative stress. Catalase is a heme enzyme that is present in the peroxisome of nearly all aerobic cells. Catalase converts the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen and thereby mitigates the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide. Oxidative stress is hypothesized to play a role in the development of many chronic or late-onset diseases such as diabetes, asthma, Alzheimer's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancers. Polymorphisms in this gene have been associated with decreases in catalase activity but, to date, acatalasemia is the only disease known to be caused by this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

527 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P04040|CAT
     1  MADSRDPASD QMQHWKEQRA AQKADVLTTG AGNPVGDKLN VITVGPRGPL LVQDVVFTDE
    61  MAHFDRERIP ERVVHAKGAG AFGYFEVTHD ITKYSKAKVF EHIGKKTPIA VRFSTVAGES
   121  GSADTVRDPR GFAVKFYTED GNWDLVGNNT PIFFIRDPIL FPSFIHSQKR NPQTHLKDPD
   181  MVWDFWSLRP ESLHQVSFLF SDRGIPDGHR HMNGYGSHTF KLVNANGEAV YCKFHYKTDQ
   241  GIKNLSVEDA ARLSQEDPDY GIRDLFNAIA TGKYPSWTFY IQVMTFNQAE TFPFNPFDLT
   301  KVWPHKDYPL IPVGKLVLNR NPVNYFAEVE QIAFDPSNMP PGIEASPDKM LQGRLFAYPD
   361  THRHRLGPNY LHIPVNCPYR ARVANYQRDG PMCMQDNQGG APNYYPNSFG APEQQPSALE
   421  HSIQYSGEVR RFNTANDDNV TQVRAFYVNV LNEEQRKRLC ENIAGHLKDA QIFIQKKAVK
   481  NFTEVHPDYG SHIQALLDKY NAEKPKNAIH TFVQSGSHLA AREKANL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CAT can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability

Intracellular

Secreted

No

Transmembrane segments

0

Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)

0.29

Highest tissue expression

1,138 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about CAT.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions CAT is implicated in, by any mechanism.

• Acatalasemia (ACATLAS) MIM:614097

Disease | GeneticClinVar

5 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 84 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

• Acatalasemia, japanese type
• Acatalasia

ReferencesPubMed · IEDB

Publications for CAT from three distinct lines of evidence, kept separate because they answer different questions: whether antibodies are directed at the protein, whether a B-cell epitope has been mapped on it, and whether a T-cell epitope has. Each is labelled with its source.

Sources: PubMed — antigen-level antibody evidence from a custom retrieval. Records matching a controlled set of autoantibody terms (the MeSH descriptors Autoantibodies and Autoantigens, with title and abstract term variants) were obtained through NCBI E-utilities, and their titles and abstracts parsed for constructions that direct an antibody at a named protein rather than for co-occurrence. Captured names were resolved against UniProt nomenclature and each antigen adjudicated individually against the source text. Bibliographic records from PubMed and MeSH, U.S. National Library of Medicine; citation metrics from NIH iCite (Hutchins et al., PLoS Biology 2016). Titles link to PubMed; abstracts are not reproduced here. The NLM does not endorse this analysis.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)

1.05

gnomAD pLI

0

gnomAD missense Z

-0.08

DepMap mean gene effect

0.01

DepMap dependency class

selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

• aerobic respiration
• cellular detoxification of hydrogen peroxide
• cellular response to growth factor stimulus
• cholesterol metabolic process
• hemoglobin metabolic process
• hydrogen peroxide catabolic process
• negative regulation of apoptotic process
• osteoblast differentiation
• positive regulation of cell division
• positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction
• response to activity
• response to cadmium ion
• response to estradiol
• response to ethanol
• response to fatty acid
• response to hydrogen peroxide
• response to hyperoxia
• response to hypoxia
• response to inactivity
• response to insulin
• response to L-ascorbic acid
• response to lead ion
• response to light intensity
• response to ozone
• response to phenylpropanoid
• response to reactive oxygen species
• response to vitamin A
• response to vitamin E
• response to xenobiotic stimulus
• triglyceride metabolic process
• ureteric bud development
• UV protection
• response to amitrole

Molecular functions

• aminoacylase activity
• antioxidant activity
• catalase activity
• enzyme binding
• heme binding
• identical protein binding
• metal ion binding
• NADP binding
• oxidoreductase activity, acting on peroxide as acceptor
• protein homodimerization activity

Cellular components

• cytoplasm
• cytosol
• extracellular exosome
• extracellular region
• ficolin-1-rich granule lumen
• focal adhesion
• membrane
• mitochondrion
• peroxisomal matrix
• peroxisomal membrane
• peroxisome
• protein-containing complex
• secretory granule lumen
• catalase complex

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

• Catalase haem-binding site
• Catalase immune-responsive domain
• Catalase core domain
• Catalase, mono-functional, haem-containing
• Catalase superfamily
• Catalase active site
• Catalase, mono-functional, haem-containing, clades 1 and 3
• Catalase, clade 3
• Catalase
• Catalase-related immune-responsive

KeywordsUniProt

• Acetylation
• Heme
• Hydrogen peroxide
• Iron
• Metal-binding
• Mitogen
• NADP
• Oxidoreductase
• Peroxidase
• Peroxisome
• Phosphoprotein

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of CAT in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

• PEX5