CARTPT
Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript protein
Also known as: CART, CART_HUMAN
Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene
Protein identityUniProt · HPA
- UniProt accession
- Q16568
- Gene
- CARTPT
- Ensembl
- ENSG00000164326
- Chromosome
- 5
- Canonical length
- 116 aa
- Protein class
- FDA approved drug targets, Human disease related genes, Predicted secreted proteins
- Secretome location
- Secreted to blood
OverviewNCBI Gene
This gene encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate multiple biologically active peptides. These peptides play a role in appetite, energy balance, maintenance of body weight, reward and addiction, and the stress response. Expression of a similar gene transcript in rodents is upregulated following administration of cocaine and amphetamine. Mutations in this gene are associated with susceptibility to obesity in humans. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016]
Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt
116 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.
>Q16568|CARTPT
1 MESSRVRLLP LLGAALLLML PLLGTRAQED AELQPRALDI YSAVDDASHE KELIEALQEV
61 LKKLKSKRVP IYEKKYGQVP MCDAGEQCAV RKGARIGKLC DCPRGTSCNS FLLKCLLocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA
Whether an antibody against CARTPT can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.
- Antibody reachability
- Secreted
- Secreted
- Yes
- Transmembrane segments
- 0
- Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
- 0.52
- Highest tissue expression
- 599 nTPM
Expression across tissuesHPA
Tissue
- hypothalamus: 599 nTPM
- blood vessel: 122 nTPM
- adrenal gland: 112 nTPM
- cerebral cortex: 80 nTPM
- basal ganglia: 40 nTPM
- hippocampal formation: 39 nTPM
Single-cell type
- retinal amacrine cells: 224 nCPM
- adrenal medulla cells: 149 nCPM
- other brain neurons: 101 nCPM
- late primary spermatocytes: 94 nCPM
- brain excitatory neurons: 19 nCPM
- early spermatids: 14 nCPM
Immune cell
- basophil: 0 nTPM
- classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
- eosinophil: 0 nTPM
- gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
- intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
- MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM
Brain region
- pons: 390 nTPM
- hypothalamus: 265 nTPM
- midbrain: 220 nTPM
- thalamus: 205 nTPM
- amygdala: 170 nTPM
- medulla oblongata: 141 nTPM
Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap
Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.
- gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
- 1.31
- gnomAD pLI
- 0.09
- gnomAD missense Z
- 0.34
- DepMap mean gene effect
- -0.06
- DepMap dependency class
- none
Cancer expressionTCGA
Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 1% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).
OntologyGO
Biological processes
- adult feeding behavior
- behavioral response to cocaine
- cAMP biosynthetic process
- cell-cell signaling
- cellular response to estradiol stimulus
- cellular response to starvation
- chemical synaptic transmission
- circadian regulation of gene expression
- conditioned place preference
- detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain
- detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain
- drinking behavior
- G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
- glucose metabolic process
- intracellular calcium ion homeostasis
- intracellular glucose homeostasis
- negative regulation of appetite
- negative regulation of bone resorption
- negative regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration
- negative regulation of D-glucose import
- negative regulation of eating behavior
- negative regulation of glucagon secretion
- negative regulation of locomotion
- negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation
- negative regulation of relaxation of smooth muscle
- negative regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process
- neuropeptide signaling pathway
- operant conditioning
- positive regulation of blood pressure
- positive regulation of exocytosis
- positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus
- positive regulation of MAPK cascade
- positive regulation of transmission of nerve impulse
- positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell proliferation
- regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep
- regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep
- regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, wakefulness
- regulation of heart rate by chemical signal
- regulation of lipid biosynthetic process
- regulation of lipid catabolic process
- regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior
- response to corticosterone
- response to ethanol
- response to food
- response to glucose
- response to insulin
- response to morphine
- signal transduction
- somatostatin secretion
- positive regulation of epinephrine secretion
- regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by neurotransmitter
- response to corticotropin-releasing hormone
Molecular functions
Cellular components
Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro
- CART satiety factor
- CART, C-terminal domain superfamily
- Cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript protein (CART)
KeywordsUniProt
Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis
Seroatlas reads CARTPT as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CARTPT could matter depends on whether native CARTPT is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.
CARTPT is annotated as secreted, so native CARTPT circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.
Annotation status
The present source text does not explicitly label CARTPT as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.
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