Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

B3GALNT1

UDP-GalNAc:beta-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1

Also known as: B3GALANT1, B3GALT3, B3GL1_HUMAN, beta3Gal-T3, galT3, GLOB

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
O75752
Gene
B3GALNT1
Ensembl
ENSG00000169255
Chromosome
3
Canonical length
331 aa
Protein class
Blood group antigen proteins, Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Vesicles

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene is a member of the beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase (beta3GalT) gene family. This family encodes type II membrane-bound glycoproteins with diverse enzymatic functions using different donor substrates (UDP-galactose and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine) and different acceptor sugars (N-acetylglucosamine, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine). The beta3GalT genes are distantly related to the Drosophila Brainiac gene and have the protein coding sequence contained in a single exon. The beta3GalT proteins also contain conserved sequences not found in the beta4GalT or alpha3GalT proteins. The carbohydrate chains synthesized by these enzymes are designated as type 1, whereas beta4GalT enzymes synthesize type 2 carbohydrate chains. The ratio of type 1:type 2 chains changes during embryogenesis. By sequence similarity, the beta3GalT genes fall into at least two groups: beta3GalT4 and 4 other beta3GalT genes (beta3GalT1-3, beta3GalT5). The encoded protein of this gene does not use N-acetylglucosamine as an acceptor sugar at all. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

331 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>O75752|B3GALNT1
     1  MASALWTVLP SRMSLRSLKW SLLLLSLLSF FVMWYLSLPH YNVIERVNWM YFYEYEPIYR
    61  QDFHFTLREH SNCSHQNPFL VILVTSHPSD VKARQAIRVT WGEKKSWWGY EVLTFFLLGQ
   121  EAEKEDKMLA LSLEDEHLLY GDIIRQDFLD TYNNLTLKTI MAFRWVTEFC PNAKYVMKTD
   181  TDVFINTGNL VKYLLNLNHS EKFFTGYPLI DNYSYRGFYQ KTHISYQEYP FKVFPPYCSG
   241  LGYIMSRDLV PRIYEMMGHV KPIKFEDVYV GICLNLLKVN IHIPEDTNLF FLYRIHLDVC
   301  QLRRVIAAHG FSSKEIITFW QVMLRNTTCH Y

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against B3GALNT1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Other membrane
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
1
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.28
Highest tissue expression
50 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • heart muscle: 50 nTPM
  • thyroid gland: 25 nTPM
  • retina: 25 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 22 nTPM
  • salivary gland: 21 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 21 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • cardiomyocytes: 138 nCPM
  • retinal bipolar cells: 60 nCPM
  • parietal cells: 60 nCPM
  • other brain neurons: 51 nCPM
  • brain inhibitory neurons: 45 nCPM
  • retinal amacrine cells: 42 nCPM

Immune cell

  • NK-cell: 22 nTPM
  • basophil: 8.8 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 2.3 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 1.7 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 1.1 nTPM
  • naive CD8 T-cell: 0.9 nTPM

Brain region

  • hypothalamus: 59 nTPM
  • midbrain: 49 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 47 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 47 nTPM
  • pons: 41 nTPM
  • thalamus: 34 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.75
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.02
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 7% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads B3GALNT1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against B3GALNT1 could matter depends on whether native B3GALNT1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

B3GALNT1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label B3GALNT1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/B3GALNT1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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