ARG2
Arginase-2, mitochondrial
Also known as: ARGI2_HUMAN
Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene
Protein identityUniProt · HPA
- UniProt accession
- P78540
- Gene
- ARG2
- Ensembl
- ENSG00000081181
- Chromosome
- 14
- Canonical length
- 354 aa
- Protein class
- Cancer-related genes, Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
- Subcellular location
- Mitochondria
- Quaternary structure
- Homotrimer
OverviewNCBI Gene
Arginase catalyzes the hydrolysis of arginine to ornithine and urea. At least two isoforms of mammalian arginase exists (types I and II) which differ in their tissue distribution, subcellular localization, immunologic crossreactivity and physiologic function. The type II isoform encoded by this gene, is located in the mitochondria and expressed in extra-hepatic tissues, especially kidney. The physiologic role of this isoform is poorly understood; it is thought to play a role in nitric oxide and polyamine metabolism. Transcript variants of the type II gene resulting from the use of alternative polyadenylation sites have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt
354 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.
>P78540|ARG2
1 MSLRGSLSRL LQTRVHSILK KSVHSVAVIG APFSQGQKRK GVEHGPAAIR EAGLMKRLSS
61 LGCHLKDFGD LSFTPVPKDD LYNNLIVNPR SVGLANQELA EVVSRAVSDG YSCVTLGGDH
121 SLAIGTISGH ARHCPDLCVV WVDAHADINT PLTTSSGNLH GQPVSFLLRE LQDKVPQLPG
181 FSWIKPCISS ASIVYIGLRD VDPPEHFILK NYDIQYFSMR DIDRLGIQKV MERTFDLLIG
241 KRQRPIHLSF DIDAFDPTLA PATGTPVVGG LTYREGMYIA EEIHNTGLLS ALDLVEVNPQ
301 LATSEEEAKT TANLAVDVIA SSFGQTREGG HIVYDQLPTP SSPDESENQA RVRILocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA
Whether an antibody against ARG2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.
- Antibody reachability
- Intracellular
- Secreted
- No
- Transmembrane segments
- 0
- Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
- 0.27
- Highest tissue expression
- 207 nTPM
Expression across tissuesHPA
Tissue
- parathyroid gland: 207 nTPM
- prostate: 102 nTPM
- thyroid gland: 98 nTPM
- kidney: 66 nTPM
- choroid plexus: 50 nTPM
- tongue: 49 nTPM
Single-cell type
- syncytiotrophoblasts: 901 nCPM
- oocytes: 433 nCPM
- esophageal apical cells: 389 nCPM
- breast lactating cells: 357 nCPM
- prostatic glandular cells: 356 nCPM
- thymic myoid cells: 284 nCPM
Immune cell
- total PBMC: 1 nTPM
- T-reg: 0.9 nTPM
- eosinophil: 0.7 nTPM
- naive B-cell: 0.7 nTPM
- neutrophil: 0.6 nTPM
- myeloid DC: 0.5 nTPM
Brain region
- hypothalamus: 20 nTPM
- pons: 14 nTPM
- choroid plexus: 10 nTPM
- midbrain: 10 nTPM
- cerebral cortex: 8.8 nTPM
- cerebellum: 8.6 nTPM
Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap
Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.
- gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
- 0.86
- gnomAD pLI
- 0
- gnomAD missense Z
- 0.34
- DepMap mean gene effect
- 0.04
- DepMap dependency class
- none
Cancer expressionTCGA
Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).
OntologyGO
Biological processes
- adaptive immune response
- arginine metabolic process
- innate immune response
- negative regulation of activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process
- negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation
- negative regulation of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 production
- negative regulation of defense response to bacterium
- negative regulation of interleukin-13 production
- negative regulation of interleukin-17 production
- negative regulation of macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha production
- negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
- negative regulation of type 2 immune response
- nitric oxide biosynthetic process
- positive regulation of cellular senescence
- regulation of interleukin-1 beta production
- regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process
- striated muscle contraction
- urea cycle
- ureteric bud development
- negative regulation of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 production
Molecular functions
Cellular components
Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro
KeywordsUniProt
Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis
Seroatlas reads ARG2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against ARG2 could matter depends on whether native ARG2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.
ARG2 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.
Annotation status
The present source text does not explicitly label ARG2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.
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