AKR1C1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1
Also known as: AK1C1_HUMAN, DD1, DDH, DDH1, HAKRC, MBAB
Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene
Protein identityUniProt · HPA
- UniProt accession
- Q04828
- Gene
- AKR1C1
- Ensembl
- ENSG00000187134
- Chromosome
- 10
- Canonical length
- 323 aa
- Protein class
- Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
- Subcellular location
- Endoplasmic reticulum,Cytosol
OverviewNCBI Gene
This gene encodes a member of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily, which consists of more than 40 known enzymes and proteins. These enzymes catalyze the conversion of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols by utilizing NADH and/or NADPH as cofactors. The enzymes display overlapping but distinct substrate specificity. This enzyme catalyzes the reaction of progesterone to the inactive form 20-alpha-hydroxy-progesterone. This gene shares high sequence identity with three other gene members and is clustered with those three genes at chromosome 10p15-p14. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt
323 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.
>Q04828|AKR1C1
1 MDSKYQCVKL NDGHFMPVLG FGTYAPAEVP KSKALEATKL AIEAGFRHID SAHLYNNEEQ
61 VGLAIRSKIA DGSVKREDIF YTSKLWCNSH RPELVRPALE RSLKNLQLDY VDLYLIHFPV
121 SVKPGEEVIP KDENGKILFD TVDLCATWEA VEKCKDAGLA KSIGVSNFNR RQLEMILNKP
181 GLKYKPVCNQ VECHPYFNQR KLLDFCKSKD IVLVAYSALG SHREEPWVDP NSPVLLEDPV
241 LCALAKKHKR TPALIALRYQ LQRGVVVLAK SYNEQRIRQN VQVFEFQLTS EEMKAIDGLN
301 RNVRYLTLDI FAGPPNYPFS DEYLocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA
Whether an antibody against AKR1C1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.
- Antibody reachability
- Intracellular
- Secreted
- No
- Transmembrane segments
- 0
- Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
- 0.23
- Highest tissue expression
- 581 nTPM
Expression across tissuesHPA
Tissue
- liver: 581 nTPM
- adipose tissue: 173 nTPM
- stomach: 131 nTPM
- heart muscle: 130 nTPM
- skeletal muscle: 114 nTPM
- breast: 111 nTPM
Single-cell type
- hepatocytes: 795 nCPM
- conjunctival goblet cells: 572 nCPM
- respiratory secretory cells: 380 nCPM
- urothelial cells: 344 nCPM
- cholangiocytes: 338 nCPM
- foveolar cells: 324 nCPM
Immune cell
- basophil: 1.5 nTPM
- gdT-cell: 0.5 nTPM
- naive CD8 T-cell: 0.4 nTPM
- eosinophil: 0.3 nTPM
- neutrophil: 0.3 nTPM
- memory CD4 T-cell: 0.2 nTPM
Brain region
- medulla oblongata: 42 nTPM
- pons: 40 nTPM
- thalamus: 39 nTPM
- white matter: 34 nTPM
- spinal cord: 34 nTPM
- hypothalamus: 32 nTPM
Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap
Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.
- gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
- 1.59
- gnomAD pLI
- 0
- gnomAD missense Z
- -1.42
Cancer expressionTCGA
Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).
OntologyGO
Biological processes
- bile acid and bile salt transport
- bile acid metabolic process
- cellular response to jasmonic acid stimulus
- cholesterol homeostasis
- daunorubicin metabolic process
- digestion
- doxorubicin metabolic process
- epithelial cell differentiation
- intestinal cholesterol absorption
- positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process
- progesterone metabolic process
- prostaglandin metabolic process
- retinal metabolic process
- retinoid metabolic process
- xenobiotic metabolic process
Molecular functions
- 17-alpha,20-alpha-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity
- 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity
- 3-beta-hydroxy-5-beta-steroid dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity
- 5-alpha-androstane-3-beta,17-beta-diol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity
- alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity
- aldose reductase (NADPH) activity
- androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity
- androsterone dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity
- bile acid binding
- carboxylic acid binding
- estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity
- indanol dehydrogenase activity
- ketosteroid monooxygenase activity
- oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, quinone or similar compound as acceptor
- testosterone dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity
- trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol dehydrogenase activity
- steroid dehydrogenase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
Cellular components
Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro
KeywordsUniProt
InteractionsUniProt · HPA
Protein binding partners of AKR1C1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.
Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis
Seroatlas reads AKR1C1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against AKR1C1 could matter depends on whether native AKR1C1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.
AKR1C1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.
Annotation status
The present source text does not explicitly label AKR1C1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.
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