Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

AKR1B1

Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1

Also known as: ALDR_HUMAN, ALDR1, AR

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P15121
Gene
AKR1B1
Ensembl
ENSG00000085662
Chromosome
7
Canonical length
316 aa
Protein class
Cancer-related genes, Enzymes, FDA approved drug targets, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily, which consists of more than 40 known enzymes and proteins. This member catalyzes the reduction of a number of aldehydes, including the aldehyde form of glucose, and is thereby implicated in the development of diabetic complications by catalyzing the reduction of glucose to sorbitol. Multiple pseudogenes have been identified for this gene. The nomenclature system used by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee to define human aldo-keto reductase family members is known to differ from that used by the Mouse Genome Informatics database. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

316 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P15121|AKR1B1
     1  MASRLLLNNG AKMPILGLGT WKSPPGQVTE AVKVAIDVGY RHIDCAHVYQ NENEVGVAIQ
    61  EKLREQVVKR EELFIVSKLW CTYHEKGLVK GACQKTLSDL KLDYLDLYLI HWPTGFKPGK
   121  EFFPLDESGN VVPSDTNILD TWAAMEELVD EGLVKAIGIS NFNHLQVEMI LNKPGLKYKP
   181  AVNQIECHPY LTQEKLIQYC QSKGIVVTAY SPLGSPDRPW AKPEDPSLLE DPRIKAIAAK
   241  HNKTTAQVLI RFPMQRNLVV IPKSVTPERI AENFKVFDFE LSSQDMTTLL SYNRNWRVCA
   301  LLSCTSHKDY PFHEEF

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against AKR1B1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.22
Highest tissue expression
3,017 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • adrenal gland: 3,017 nTPM
  • kidney: 403 nTPM
  • tongue: 371 nTPM
  • seminal vesicle: 314 nTPM
  • skeletal muscle: 309 nTPM
  • heart muscle: 202 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • syncytiotrophoblasts: 2,451 nCPM
  • migrating cytotrophoblasts: 1,521 nCPM
  • extravillous trophoblasts: 1,457 nCPM
  • cytotrophoblasts: 1,274 nCPM
  • adrenal cortex cells: 910 nCPM
  • oocytes: 686 nCPM

Immune cell

  • total PBMC: 230 nTPM
  • naive CD4 T-cell: 163 nTPM
  • naive CD8 T-cell: 157 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 148 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 145 nTPM
  • memory CD8 T-cell: 145 nTPM

Brain region

  • pons: 103 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 96 nTPM
  • white matter: 95 nTPM
  • midbrain: 87 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 77 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 74 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.4
DepMap mean gene effect
0.14
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads AKR1B1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against AKR1B1 could matter depends on whether native AKR1B1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

AKR1B1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label AKR1B1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/AKR1B1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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