P-type ATPase subfamily IIC, subunit alpha
IPR005775
Definition
Transmembrane ATPases are membrane-bound enzyme complexes/ion transporters that use ATP hydrolysis to drive the transport of protons across a membrane. Some transmembrane ATPases also work in reverse, harnessing the energy from a proton gradient, using the flux of ions across the membrane via the ATPase proton channel to drive the synthesis of ATP. P-ATPases (also known as E1-E2 ATPases) ([ec:7.2.2.6]) are found in bacteria and in a number of eukaryotic plasma membranes and organelles PMID:9419228. P-ATPases function to transport a variety of different compounds, including ions and phospholipids, across a membrane using ATP hydrolysis for energy. There are many different classes of P-ATPases, which transport specific types of ion: H+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ag+and Ag2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Pb2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Cu+and Cu2+ [[cite:PMID:37838176], [cite:PMID:37264943]]. P-ATPases can be composed of one or two polypeptides, and can usually assume two main conformations called E1 and E2. This entry represents the alpha subunit found in the P-type cation exchange ATPases located in the plasma membranes of animal cells. These P-ATPases include both H+/K+-ATPases ([ec:7.2.2.19]) and Na+/K+-ATPases ([ec:7.2.2.13]), which belong to the IIC subfamily of ATPases [[cite:PMID:9419228], [cite:PMID:10963432]]. These ATPases catalyse the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of cations, pumping one cation out of the cell (H+or Na+) in exchange for K+. These ATPases contain an alpha subunit that is the catalytic component, and a regulatory beta subunit ([interpro:IPR000402]) that stabilises the alpha/beta assembly PMID:7891030. Different alpha and beta isoforms exist, permitting greater regulatory control. An example of a H+/K+-ATPase is the gastric pump responsible for acid secretion in the stomach, transporting protons from the cytoplasm of parietal cells to create a large pH gradient in exchange for the internalisation of potassium ions, using ATP hydrolysis to drive the pump PMID:15096097.
6 human proteins with this domain
Each is a reviewed human protein in the Seroatlas serome and a potential autoantibody target; this domain groups them into one antibody-relevant category. Every entry links to its own record.
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